                           ˿µϣ20161115գ

16.11.13-14ûи
16.11.15, ˿201611º
ʫѩ
ţ֪ΪΡֻ֪Ϣڣ׻˭
˿¶³ࣺɢǡţ㡢ϣ
ǬУ۹Ľǡһƽ֮
͡ģϺ



ԡԡԡ¡ԡԡ˿ԡԡԡ
Σţסԣȣңţģӣ

ڶڣ
һž´

˿ΪĻۺϿѧʷءѧơ
յȷĿǰĸ̶Ŀţʡۣ˿
¶ʫ衢ɢġС˵Ǭʷܡ֪ʶСƷ
͡͡˻רѡÿʮճ棬ڳ
ר

ҳʰ棺󣮣硡
ڰ棺󣸣磮
ޡλ
Уӣѧ˾壮


ʫ졡

ѩ졡ѩ
졡
Ѷ졡ҵļͷ
졡Яʢķ
ţ졡ѹİס
졡޵׵ɫ
֪ΪΡֻ֪Ϣ졡Ӱʶʾ
١ڣ׻˭졡ڰҹĿռ
졡ͻȻļĸ߶
˿¶졡ҰԭҰӲĻ
졡µļɱ
³ࣺɢǡ졡Զ
ţ㡡졡δ˵ɽ
ϡϣ

Ǭ

ԡУ۹Ľǡ
һƽ֮

͡

ģϺ¡

Ѷסססססססססססססססססססססססססססססס

115գȫ20еͬʱתʳƷƷᣬƷ
תסתƺ㡢ת׵ʳƷ

ţסססססססססססססססססססססססססססססס

֪Ϊ  ֻ֪Ϣ



ÿϰ·ϣҶԼˣһСһλߡСӭ
ߴæǰȥ

С˶ȼǰӷףԽȳơÿÿ棬
ǰءǱˮʪһƬе㲻㣬Ǳǰ
ݣźΪŴͷɻ

һһ٣һһһһܣÿнҵС

Ҳ֪Ϊʲôֳֻ֪Ƿ裬ֳ

Ҳʲô֪֮ɹڳ׳
ԼĵڶʹȻ

ҲҪμʲôʽѵֻΪһͦ߶
Ŭ

ҲΪ˶һԡĳ󣬻ǰǼǰһ
ġ𣬿ʼӶȳʵ

ҲʲôǡֻΪܲܲ··

ϴҴҶȸɡǷˣܿа
ǵԼ

㳵죬ｻͽУֲ赭Ҳ


ҲҲһڱ


׻˭

١ڡ

뿪йʮѧƵصļ
ǲôصDNAѧˡDNAڳڷ
ֳˡDNA֪ǵȴ
ȥ˭йһء

ǰ׼ʷԣһһǵĿαִ
(Human)Լ20ǰʼڶǡǡչһ56ǰ
ʼǨ棬е˶Щĺҵʷ֪
ʶڹѧõġӡǵȻʯܿڵ걱ˡˣ
ⶨڼʮϡôͲˡ׻ôɷˣ
Ͻάһ£λԳ˵ĽԳ45
ǰˣˣֱˣѨˣˡһϵеĻʯڷ޳
طֱֻ֮ĳ׶εĻʯγɲ
ѧҽ벿ֱֶһٶǰ߳γᰲˣ
ˣצ˵ȣ˵ᰲ4ǰδΪ
˵ıˣֱˣ10ǰˡЩۺܺõؽ˻ʯ
ϲ⣬ȻҲܵġѧߡԡʮ
MtDNAYȾɫDNA졣1997ŷ˻顣98긴
УڽӲһйѪ2004пԺҲ
һղ顣һģ˶Ƿ޺ᡣԼ20ǰ
ͬһ裬Լ14ǰͬһڷޡ56
ޡ4ǰŷᰲȻ
˵Ļ1%-4%ᰲ˵ġڷŵǰ45꼺
޷׹׻ѧ۶ϣDNAظ֤д
ѧα

´λعҪǻйǻظչˡ⼸ʮ֪ʶܴ
ʱԼ


˿¶ססססססססססססססססססססססססססססס

ɢ

³ࡤ


ȥȥڼۻһ˹ʡιһЩͻ
йصĵطСǰһȥˣǸݵУ
ͰһЩӡ

кԶ˺ܶʱżǷһʤء
ʮº͵ļ˺ܶ໭ңҲ߶
һҪص㡣1888뿪ܵܵ߸ǰ
ͼѰһҵ԰أ˺ܿ췢ͻ߾
ˣͽԺһɱڵİΪ˼ߣ
סĵصͼ϶˳һֱһʱڵŷ޻滭ܸȤ
ڵͼϿԶͳһĩ糿Ļȥ׷Ѱ󻭼ҵ


1. վƷӣɺ

ȻӵͼϿֻв150·̣һ·
ͣ˺ܶСվʱѾˡҲǸСվû³
ֵյվ̨Եøⰲƺһɻ㡣
еصվֻһС㳡ԡϦ£⳵ҲûУ
ʿĩҲֻòС

˻վԶյͼ·һ߻ĻƷӣ
ǵߺ͸߸סùݡӿŸɾɣ߻һҡҡ
׹ӡӶ治ԶŸӣ渴ߵǷһԵ
ֽ֪ܲԭеĻƷѾڶսڻǿǺ
һĲ¥ĵصԼǾصѡģվǰ¥ķ
򿴹ȥӽǺͻͬ˸е߾ڴ˴Ƶġ¥
Ȼɼһ·źĽֱֵ߿ȹݵ¼е
죬ԶԶȥȻ续

ĥʱ˼οͣһλŮʿƺϤڰ
ָƷΧĵطһĻ԰һų
ĲлͻƷ˹ȥ˿ŶڵϽ˵
ڹʱһźߵĳǽǹż˹ű
У֯һطһ
￴վһǰͺҲڻ˰ɡ

ŷСǵķòխĽʯ·ʱ
֮ͣСԤùݲԶܼСԹһ㣬ֻùһ
ŵķȥһҲߺ͸߸ҲЩѰ
ĵİɡùںӱߣССŽУֻһϷ
ҲûССɾֻЩȡ򿪴ֶ
ķӽߣһСͣ˼ﶼ
ǰķС˵İ滭ͼ

Ҵҳȥɢһӵ̣ǰȻһĴӣϦ
²ԣ԰һƬƽĮĮġɺӱߵҹ
ɺӣû뵽Ȼһӡ紵һеƣ
Ͷʱһ롣źӵһξͿһƣ渴Ǹ
Ʒһաʵע⵽ڻɺ
ϰǻϰ벿ҹõȴǱǣԭΪ
ƽ⹹ͼѱߵƵϱˡųյ׳ҲΪ
еЦڼƻССеʱҺصҪѰ߻Ť
ǹ⣬ĺ棬·Ƶġ

2. ߺ͸߸

˹ͨдߴǣ˵ԸʼղҪ죬ֻù
Լ۷̥šNaifehSmithߴǣŶ
һЩ⡣

ϣһͷβʧߡͶ滭֮ǰ¹
ְҵԱʦϰʦʧܸգʵ֮һȲ
òصĸҾסڼڼ䰮õı㣬⵽䵭ľܾ
͸ĸĹϵҲǢʱҵʹĸǰͽ
Ժһŭ֮°ţͨĵظ
ЩľĴʹҲһŵҪΪһ
ˣȱѼƻжʱھʾ˳ɫĻ
ܣƷӲʣɫءյȱʫϸ
ıʴûлȶЩ׾ũķ羰ȤҿܵΪ
ȾӰ죬ûбȫڻҵȦ⣬ͬж
˶ͿԶ֮ӡɵһ˿ıɳڹ
߼κ֮ҲִܲضʽĿȣΨֱִ֮
ѧ˵߿һЩ˸ϰ׾˽շִ磬һ
˼ʹϵıԵ

һȶӡ΢ʡİƻ֮ǰãµĶν
£ӴһЩӡɵĻңΪ»ɡļ˼
룬ƷʼעӾ͹ЧɫҲǸʱ
ѾڵʧĥƵٱˡ߸Ѱһ֮Ļ
԰أֻԼʧ֮һ

߼ܶͬʱĻȣ߸ľν档û壬
ɥȰðյĸ׷常ҼʱμӷӶ
˼Ķϰ̣ȻΪһɹ֤ȯ˺Ʒղؼң
һʵļͥ˵꣬ʱ룬ҡһֳΪһ
ҼңƷܿ豨ֽע⡣뾭ѵ·ԽԽԶ
ޱӹ̫ܵƽϣᵺȥѰͳһȥˡ߸
滭ҵĿʼ׷ӡɣʦӱɳޣչԼķڵ
Ʒͼ봫ͳ͸ӣӽżȻͻأɫʵȥԶ볾ξ
Ϊִ滭ҪһҲһԸˣ
ֻǷḻЩԸڲ֮Բμ
ȥʱڻҺۼҵȦѾһЩμӹ
ӡɻչµĻƷۡڵʱĳ߸Լ
߲֮ܵһ߶Ⱦָм

һԸİƻУ߸ļҪһӴ˰
־ͬϵĻңͬպͰͱɻһߵĵ
ûʲôıĶʵĸ߸ⲻء߸
ڶ¾ݵò׾ݣʱѾ̴ӻ꣩
ͬ⵽˵ĺһʼͿνò롣

3. ż

ż֮һһʱĶ޳޳û
Ǹģѷɫұøáڶһڰ
СԹһƳһӵľͷһ쳣ΰĹŽ
һµͼ֪ǾǶ޳ˡ˳СȥһȻ
֣޴ʯӣ׳ǧɱ˲Ľף
СܼСγֶգ·һԶŵĿһȺС
䡣

޳ΧˣǿΧĹȻĩ
˲࣬ȼżӵϷǽÿԶһЩţ
ݵĴ󸱺ؿ˿ȵطֱݾڴ˵أԭ޳Ȼ
ʹãֻǽǶʿ˶ţʿ֪ʷϿ
ܶƵĴͳס˶Դǧż˷˼

ƱһɭʰϽ볡УǰȻʣ
·һɫԲΧһʯλƣ˸һ
Ʋûʹøֽˮ࣬⼸һ
ʽ˵ˣò˵Ľ
µײ㣬ϻȵŻɳѹִ濴һƬơ
ΧդɫΪ˴̼ţɡңǧǰǶʿǾ
ǰƬɳԡѪɱźս

ڴ󷢻ʱ򣬱һˣԺΰĹż޶
ԣȴΪǵ̫ԵصǷ㹻Ч֮۸ੲݣ
ͱʲôͬƵġ̨οߴߴӰ
˶ָvơʱգ
ɵôôС

˶޳תԱһ¶糡żطҲ
ãʮʯλγһΣ̨ԡ̨ɢһЩʯ
Ĳ׮һʯأԴ˼һκϡɼɡ
ǼǵصֽڣԱڳԵƹ죬һͷ
ŮԱ̨ⲽ˶Թżȷһﾡõ̬
ȡ

Щżߵʱͺܳߺ͸߸Ϊ
Ķţһǿ̨ͷܶľ·Ķţռ˻
һ룬ͿӰĽɫӸµӽǺбĹͼƺܸ߸
ƷԼʹĽǶӰ졣

    ӰĿһߺ͸߸ʱ
ۣһַAlyscampsطڹʱ
سʮ·ʱѹŴʯ׶ٳѷ·߳Ϊһߺ
߸ƷﾰߵһУһ
Ƶɫʯһտֲǰ컹ҹ·һ
̤ʿһӯĳɡŮ˸еߵܺã
Ϊ߸ļɡ߸ļǲͬķһ޵Ժ
յĴǰҶأһС˼ĺɫֻһԺǽ
бĻһЩůһƷ޵Ժ¥ڰ
һСϪӳеĸƣϪߵĲľɫͷףȻ
׺żˣ澲װ꣬ƺճ˼̻𡣵ӰĿ
Ӻܶ෽濰ƾ䣬Ѹ߸һֿĴȴԣʵ߸
ϸгǸˡ

4. С·Ϳȹ

ʱ뵱һң޾˵꣬
ɵĴֻۣðѶеһֲһѷϿһ
ǵ߶̴ӻĲ̾ѡ֮£ҵ
ӣȱҲǲܣǾɡڻڰѰ
ҵĲһ羰Ǳһڽ̳ʥߵһҪ
֪㼣һῪߵľ

ڰȻֻסһ࣬סԺļ£
˴ԼٷƷĴ硶ҹ俧ȹݡɺӱߵ
ҹšﻨܰġտҰ羰Իȶ
һʱɡһ㣬ʱĲ˲䡣
ڵİΪ˼ߣĵصһνС·
·һԼһ߼ġߡġյϰ֮һ
־֪˴ĳĵص㲻Զˡںܶιߣ
߲Ǹ̤ĲҲİɡ

ǼҹĿȹݻԭѸΪ߿ȹݡ
˳ŵͼӿȹӹȥԶԶϳ߻Ǹб
խĽֵһӽǣνͼĪڴ˰ɡȹڵ
˴Ϊ߻еɫǺϣǽﶼɽɫˣϧ
Ⲣڼ¡٣ȻĩǰӰǿţǲ
˼ﱻհɡҲڽֶŽ
ȥȹݽɫºܴۣΧĽܲЭõ
һٶδʧߡһٶǰһҹǵ߱һյ
úҹĻһƬůĹâһĻУһٶ
ԺĹâȻӲǽϣΪ˼ҵĻ
ʵһ١ϿҹͬǶƬЧ
ԭǳƣǲ˵ɡ

5. 

ͼҲгʱ򡣴ӵͼϿ߷Ǹžڰ
ǽһС˺ϣ̫Զҿʱ䣬ʹȥһۡ
ɵ˳ǽ˺˺һҲκŵӰ޹ˣһ
֮²֪ǸžȻٴκ˶ԵͼΪʲôͼǸ
ָŵıǺıǲһһԲһͷָŵͼ
֮⣬֮ӡл֮ѾôԶ˻Ǽһ°ɡ

˺ӵߣݳˣҲûдһû߻зæ
ľȻѲˡ·Ҳûʲôˣżһ
һ·һҰɢ伸ũݡȻ뵽
ķ羰ûʲô仯ɣһٶǰҲҲС··
ҲҰ糾͵С

һΣеЩƣʱֺӱ߲ŸСδõ
ݡðȻȥһȻǸˮùݣѡص㾭Ӫ
дҪ˱ˮȷһµŻжԶдָָӵ˵ߵĽ
ߣϾ͵οͻ١

һ壬ڿǸšŴڴ򿪵״̬۸߸
Ĳľ֮ϣȥܸߴ󣬲߻硣С
·һǰҲһӽߵйƷ˽֪ܲ
ǺΪ˼ҸƵġҲΪŸӼ̳־ãŵľ
Ϻ˰ͣȥ·ľ\ϵԺ߻ʹõ
Ļɫϵ

1888߸յʱΪⴴͻͰ滭
ȻӡʱڵĻҾͬһоֹЧ
ƺԭʷѧע⵽Ʒеĺ
źͰźƣƲҲ黳硣һԭ
ʱձ滭Ӱ죬ͼձ滭мĹͼӡͬ
ѧɫʹ߼ϵеȷЩմͳ滭С
ˮ˼ңŵ˼һˮıһ̬
ȵĸŮɡ϶УһһªŴ뾭
¼Ůڹϴ£ˮ浴Ʒڶصĺ
رŵıʴѤɫʣΪĴ
ԼҲ⣬ڸܵܵ˵Լм⡱
صػ˲ͼ˵һ͸ʶĺTersteegĿָ
һЩϿɡźTersteegȻߵƷʾȤ
»ûģߵʧ

ʱǴ죬߻źܶϣڴеĸ߸ļ롣

6. 滭ĽǶ

ߺ͸߸ڰ֮ǰûжٽڰĴݷӡɻʱ
߸ѾӡɻչкĪΡɳ޵ǰˡԼΪĴ
澭߸ߴӵһЩ񻭼ң߸ҲЩ󱲵Ծӡ
ǿΪ˵ķϣ߸Ϳس޹߼Σó
é®߸мѡ˵òTersteegϿɲҪܺ͸
һҵϷ԰أǲһԺҵϧ߸
еĺʦѣˮֺ˵ľʹļƣ
ʹıͻһǸʱϢݻڻȦ
߸޴֪߸˽¼ֵܵ飬߸һֱ̬
߶ҵʲôƫƧİҲû
ֱ1888ʮ￪ʼһЩƷ۵Ϣ֮
ȻǸǺ±ֹϵ

ڵ֪߸ͬϢϲ»Ʒӵһ㣬
ز߸׼һҲһƷ⡣Ѹ߸
͸һԻøȥĿȹݵϰ￴ĻҼ
١ɵǣ߸ڵﰢĵһûȥûƷӵţǲ
æؽλڻվϵĿȹһȻϰ˳
ø߸ȳԾֵ⡣ϰֳΪ߸ߵģضʷ

ںΪʦĸ߸Ǹϻ̳ϿֵߴԼܺѧ
ȫûϵǣӰĻƷӵӭѾ
ɳΪһȷ滭ҡȲ߸չʾԼĽʱ̬
ɳϿǫЩƷø߸ʶѾһСѼ
һ̳ҫľ֡ľȹ󣬸߸ܿڻһ
Բߣ߸Ҫߡ

NaifehSmithߴһΪǶдһʱ
ϵľ߸ܿע⵽߶ģغʵսƾ
ȻʱѾѧԺȻͨʦͽѧϰ滭Ҫģ
ʱȥշѻҡһʵߵȻû˻ϰʯࡣ
֮£߸ܹһЩѧԺѵ߱õӾԼ
ɵȹŵ仭ҵĿұ졣࣬һȹڻƷ
е԰羰ƾ䣬߸µũȻ˶³ˮ
硣߶ȱ־õİգǰûʵʱĻʼ
ñ׾ͲԲԽӲңտɫҲ֮ء
߾ɥѣڸܵܵгƸ߸Ϊޡĸ
Ҳû߶ۻҵʹӾʶ֮ĳɻ滭ѧ

ڻ滭·磬Ȼú㣬ΪƷ
Ѿõ־ͬϵꡣ˹ڻ滭ϲۣܶ
ʱǸ߸˵̣˵ء߸ǰͬУԻ滭һ
ִͶ룬ϵĽͳײĶζŶΪ
Ͽɣ¶һдδйҸ

ڸ߸˵ֻȨ֮ơڻ滭ϲȱ׷ߣҪ
豨ֽۺ͹˿߲͡ȶľ״̬Ҳȵ롣ϵ
дΪҪƷԤ֧Ϊ
߾ӦǸʱ͸߸ƷĹ˿ʵޡ

7. ѹյһ

ʮµİ겻ϣƷﳱʪ䣬ߺ͸߸֮ĹϵҲս
䵭ڻ滭Ѿң߸óĬһ
ʱĥڿȹ߿ʼеֻţװʲôҲûз
ڸܵܵб֯Ϣֲܵܺ͸߸ͬȥ
˻Ʒӵһ룬ȻĴ㡣ʵĸ߸ܲЩ
ɵԡ߸ϾǸң;˱ֹϵȻҪ滭
СߵĲܺ飬˵Ļ滭֮Աǣ
԰żҲģĳѧûڣ
滭ĺԸûǰ;Ϊ˻滭ͥοһʵ
ѡ

ӰĿ˾ѵڻǰ˹ͨС˵ıġʥ
ڵǰҹԼʹధ߸Ҫȥ߸سŪһ
Ĵ˵ԼûһеĵܵܳԺ˵Ҳʹ࣬
Ϊ֮Ȼﳤȥĵػص䣬ԾԼ
ã굶ŵϣ𽥿ʼŤһֱΪ⼸һ
ĵӰ续ı֣ϸµĻױ޲ߵľҵ
ϵ˹ߵĵִǿԸֵ쾡£ټϻױ
֮ƣ˶ĻϵǸ޼ƿͬ顣

߸ڶĻᵽ뿪ǰҹָȥľ
ǡıɱ˵ƺʾ˺Ѷ߽һµ
֡һֱ֣͸߸ľѹյһݣ
ڱΪʲôѪܵƬܵ͸߸˵ļԺ
أ̫رֽ˵˷ȥŮȥˡ
룬õӰ鹹Ҳܺ߸ȷΪԼ޷Ƹ
׷滭ҵ;֮£߿ܸʹظеԼ
ܺʧܣҲΪ˳ͷԼһ棬߾ǿԸ񣬸߸
ĳŪһشʹȥԺҪҸ߸ģģҪ
̵߸ʲôʹ඼ܡֻϸ߸Ѿ
뿪Ļ𳵣ûиٴα׵Ļᡣ

ʵⲢߵһˡ1882׷⵽ܾҲ׷
ҰַԱļֺ֮һ޷Ӯñġ
ͺܶΪ۶ʹһ߾ܾʵʼմڻУ
Ϊƾ̹Ϻ͹ִͿǿȵõ˵Ͱػá

8. ҽԺ

֪ΪʲôסҽԺͼûбҵط
ȫżȻ쿴һΪƷꡱ̵꣬ϵʯϿ
Diueõꡱ̵תһȦһʱȵط
һƯ쾮԰԰ߵġҽԺĻ԰ǳ
ƣһµԱ֪ȷߵסǸҽԺ

԰һˮأΧεĻأΧһȦ
ȣֺɫƺر߻еӣԲ뻭е
оվһʱЩ㱣·𿴼һ¶㲵Ӱǻ

ҽԺ϶ס£ʮƷҽԺ
԰ŶԻ񣬺һЩѵФѵʱܵд
˵Լʹ࣬ܵܺǵԭºͰǵܵʱ׼
Ͼչ޷յĸ硣ʱҲصƷӾסΧ
ھӶΪŹ֣ڣӲķﳤ赱޵ĻԽԽĴ
壬ڵؾ첻òصҽԺ

Ĳˣڷڼ䲢ûرڱ֣ҽ
ԺȻαգʱ˩ڲϣİ̶Ҳᡣ
ˣȻտƷΪҽԺ԰İ滭ͼӸµ
ӽǣԼΪĲڶ¥΢͸ƺ˻԰ռȣ
ǰеľ·վǰ뻨̳Żһֻī
ҲȻȻһΪͻ׼Ĳͼ湹ͼ˼ǣ
׼ȷ̾ѣΪɵͻӳɫ
Ʒǳһ֮֡

һĴ󲿷ʱ䶼Ѱ˵ϿɣΪԼ绤Ǿ͸
ʹѺҽԺĲп֮ƺʼˡһʱֱ
ȥǰƷͼׯɫʸǰصӲıʴҲʼԲ
ҲǾ޴鴴ʹʹ˰ɡŮ˵´棬־ͬϵ
ֵ֧꣬궼ΪӰһʱںٸͨţ
еĻں͵ص㣩ڿʼԼĴͼ
Լ侲һĵʵϰҽѧһЩҽѧϣ˵΢
ѧۿԽԼĲ飬ֺƵΪҽһȵФ
ҲʼʡԼһи˺ѴĸԳ˵ڡӲ
ѧϰ

1889£ҪסһҾԺ´
ҹһڵܵܵİת踽һΪ
εļЪҽФ񡣻еҽ˼ƺ
ǰ˵ҽ֡

9. Starry Starry Night

ݵķʺܿˡյİ̤˰Ļվ̨ѧ
һʦĴµȳȻһɻ㡣𳵵ˣҸں
ǵĺϳˣܿͳСվⲻʱмĺɫ
ϡɼ֦չͬߵĻ档

ҺѣָǸ𣬿ǵӰĺɫ

ǰֳİŮӵӣᣬһůͰο

Ȼ׹ߵĸ衶Starry Starry Night

Now I understand
What you tried to say to me
And how you suffered for your sanity
And how you tried to set them free

ףĲѣҲԼСС
ڸԼյ룬һζݵķܶ

Ժл֮ȥһʱЩʣȻӯ

2013


㡡

š


һ

ͳѡСʱʱʱҲЩѡٻѡ
ɲڰһһͲȱġ֣һǵðɡ

Сѧ꼶תѧСѧþһѧɲѡ٣ȫУ
ΧġҴžһǸڰİ೤ѡ֮һ

ϣԼѧܵϸɲʽѡǰҪƱͶ
ԼͬѧȻ͸ÿ˷ˡѡƱûѡƱÿ
һ

ұͲԼĺѡˣʦԸͶ
û⡣Ȼҿİ׾ࡢɡעĿ
һ䣬ȴ·гԽͬ˵ĲòʡҰ
εĻ

ʽͶƱ죬źöӵȴͶƱѡѾһ࣬
泯̳Թѡÿ˱һ裬ȴͶι

ֵҵʱСȻֱԥţԼҵͬѧͶ
ﻹʣµĴŶıԺ
·Ӷô׾֪Ϊʲôһĸоȴ
ƶһ֣ȫƵĸϽ߿
֪ûУ֪ǲǱҸš

̨

꼶Լֵͯʱ⡣ѧУĸ
ֵܣɣþȫ򣬻ȥս꼶ĸ֡Ǹ
ϲŮЩŮҲϲǴһš⣬ǵѧϰɼҲ
ǰéǡ

ֿε֣ʦһӢС磬ȥμݳ
ú¸Һξѡǡݸ磬ó
һһֻɵײϱҲũһ꣬ڴ
ҴգӼǵĸ磬ʰµĳͷ

Сӳʱҡͷβ͵ܷܵʱ̵貽֮⣬
ҪһȺŮ赸ɡҵׯڡ鶯赸Ź
µչһȺ͵ġׯڡһ㡣

ͯβġʱذ棬ʱ棬ʱҵ
һ档ʱƵӴŮϲϲʱֳ
ȴֻд֣ΪֵĴ֡

ûʶʱĹľǼͶ죬һ
ԲϾܡ㣬Ҹ˸ºŽСᡱ׶
˼ѧУĶýڡϢʱ򣬡ׯڡǾ췴
ɨ׷Ҵ򣬻ҵļϡǻãڣ
Цƣߣս

˳У֣ʦٻȥݹһءһȥʳõ
·ϡɱƨһţһɵǲú
վϣ泯ٳҲƨϵһš
عͷȴû׷ǾͲˡ

죬Ҽӽ߹ŴɫСİȹӣС
е͸Ƥ峺ʹë㸲Ŀⴿط·ʲô
ûû뵽ôƯˡĴ׶Ѿŵİ졣

ϰ

˵ƨòʵĲҡ
ʱǱֵͬһ࣬Һ棬ʱʱȽҡʱ
ʴߣʱŵشӺǰߡңѾϰߡ

Ҽǵϰߴߴɵʶͣһ׽һ׵س
и衣Ҳͣ󿿣ԽǳרעʱԽó

ҼǵúܶομϢֶġֻС۷䡱֣
֣ǵĺͯˮ潻ơͬ˵罺ᡣ

ҼǵлۣҰŶһ顣۾ҳ
񣬲ʵΪʲô˵۾ôֺÿţָȻŪ
һ촽û뵽ô

Ҽǵһˣӽſϣ˭ôˡ
˵ḧͷοʲô˵

ҽףѧУһڷڵܺм䣬
ġܵԶҡʣעΪǷġعص
۸ǿŮٰԳܡĽѧϰã
ԼĳɼȴϲȥҪӦͬѧҪͷӦ
ѵĿ⡣

أȫһҵòһԶ׼ҵĿɶҲ
ڴˡпǰ£Ҫһšһж
һݡ

ģ

ټ㣬ڻؼҵĹϡĽ֮˵´εÿջ
á˵ĸòԶ

ҡڹվȣСꡣ³һӳ
һţп㡣

Ƕɡͳһɡ˵ãҵİɣҵĺÿ
˵žͰҵֱ⡣

иɽ԰Ǿȥˡ˵Ǻ˼԰Աߵ
ӣ˵ңѾҵڵش͸ˡֻһ
ȹּˡ

ۣͬ·һ̲ˮ§סһͬԽعͷͬʤ߼
㲻ʱнҵֱۡû뵽Ҵһĵط

ɫ߽һСꡣ˵һ̫һ
˶ֹ࣬ࡣ˵ϾҪߵ˴
ְ

ͨļҳˣ㿪ĵسţסؿҵĲյò

ߣӰͳС⣬һƷ˵ǴҵҾ
ϲѡƷѧУɫСǡѾǸĴ
ˣôͯȤ

ÿЩСǹҶ㣬һ鶯ֵŮӡ
Щζʱ·Ҹ

ҾطһΡѧУ㲻ڡұ¹һȦ
Ƿż٣У԰ȷûʲôˣҲûʲô

ģе԰ֵį̧ͷˣ
ڲԶɽۡ




ϣ

1

첻סŦԼëë˯ţڷȥĽŲˡ
ĶܴŴӵƤЬҪëë͵ܵܳѣ
˵ټǰְ뿪ңݴ򹤵ӡһ²ŻһΡë
ë˯оѸеȽְһָͱһ£ëëְ
Ҫˣְ˵ټëë˸˯ȥˡְܿ־ˣ֪
һжûãӸףֻôһ֣Ϸ
ʽСʱС͸ĸףӳ˾èˣԶԶء
עŴǰϤһУܾܾǣ㲻ãԽ
ԽLë

ʮʮӺְĴǰѰա
ҲһӣǺ䵭Ľ飬غһ
־硣˵˭ףҸ߻

ӱͳĵܵţϿ۾ûְ
ӵһףͱŻ˱ѡֵëëˣëëôϲ
£Ҳϰ߸ְȣʹͷŲ˵
߹ȥʹסĲӡְֵͷëëĶͷе
һֲзڣ·һǿƵĶʹ־塣
ˡְţǣССӼǳ𣬺
ˣ ٸһĻɣŲţ׼ųŴ
ڳˣĽŲߵţ̵
ʧ¥

ëëϵ˯ϾˣȴҲ˯ˡ
ͷŰְȥݴ򹤣Ҫһ¿ˡÿγźͻؼʱ
źöණ·ţ̵۾ͷӡ

2

ëëһëĺӣһҽԺġһ
ɫƣСҽıϣɴļι
δëСĳЩΧڲߵĻʿĸ
ҡͷûоʱͰиһλݴعϼң


ʵǸҲʲôݡרˡС
ڵģÿһ˿һǧǧԪһʺܴĿһСɼ
Σηˣ²ǮˡСûкϷ
ݵëëĸĸ˵ҲεѡΪûҲ޷ɳ
֮շǷ͵ɣΪ˵͵󣬲һ
ݣԼҲһߴһʦ뷽跨㵽Ϸ
ݣһɹҲϷǵ
Ҫӱ򹤽ͷľ޶ãչСֻ˰Ѻͻش
½游ĸߣȵѧٰӻëë7ʱֱ
С˴صŦԼ

ëë󣬱úİ뷴ѡĸûϵġëëһֱе
¶ܸ룬ĸעıַʽ£Դ˸൱
൱ߣ⾰ȴһղһած˺ܶ꣬ȴ
ơ˻УȻҪйʧȥյġͥ
ССŭëëֲϴ£ëëĳͲ
ƵʩĶ󡣶ëëܵǣ״ʱ
˲ȡϢ̬ȡĸģ仹䡣

֮Уƫɡִĵܵܡܵ
Ǳ񣬿˵ġæ۲û뵽ѵܵͻع
̴ܵһ˫Ĵ۾񰺹ޱȵı
ܣʱ˫۾ڳˮˮģ˿С
⣬һ˾ζö塣ܵø׵ĳ谮ܵʱҹ
˯һҪ棬ˣСָָ˵ߡ
ֲܶ۶ԥӦ¥ڴϺǷ챧ŵܵһһ
ߡëëĽܵܣڸ׵ļͷʤĽ㣬Ӵֵ
ֳһ·ŴߣӲӲĺ磬ϣһƬ
ǵЦ

ëëܵڰḸĸ׵Ĺע죬ѵܵϲС
⣬ֻԼϲϽ㡣ֻСӵ⣬ְ
׷ںܣſڴϣС׹ʱСĭ
ĳֲпСڵܵܵĿͰְֵХУְᡣ糿
Ȼԭ°ְ֣һ᲻ðְ֡

ϣһڳæˡŪúܳ
˫ԽԽݵʲôڣһһװȫҨ״
ŰСѣһߴ˴ۣ˵𴲣ԷҪˡ
ţ̣ȻƬţţһֱ͵
ԵϡﻩģܴΧתתȥ˵ŰҪע飬
иպõķˣǵ緹ϲԵˮ
ҪŵܹܵԹڼңŲҪţëëûпûУ
һԹִֻ֣˵֪֪

3

ϵȥˣźϢݶʱ̡

ëëѧУż١ѧУļպܶ࣬СѧһżٵʱȲ
ٻ죬ÿʱ趼ڼܵűӦ
׶԰ģһֱȥ׶԰Ϊ׶԰۸óԵĺ
ţ˺Ӣã˵ǹһһӵġܵͷ̣
Ҳ˵壬СһǸӣһȭͷͳˣͺСǵ
죬ֻཱུСȭͷ˺һͷϿ裬ֱСС
ϣաſˮʦ˵ǵˡֻʱ
ܵȥ³Ӵ˶࣬ܵ÷ˣҰˣһ쵽Ϻú
ţӣǴ鲣ҪҪסܵ
ҪԵģҪ˰ģͱ۾˦һڴƵģֻ
СȳǰһƣƨɵӡžһһٰͣӣȻƿ
ɤ۴ޡϰ岻ˣ˵ֵôԿʹֻðͻ
׶԰һʱڼëëëë
һڼҿܵܡ

ס¥ܸߣӺСӶװդëëĲ֪ͱ
ˣ˸߿գƵɫʡëëſ̨ϣŵµ
֡ңԶ˵ɲ⡣ڽǸ֣һж
Ĵ֣ԽĺͷơԺû˽
һ㶼û˼ëëǵס̼ҵ¥ϣûôߣкܶ
ɿеĴӺֱֵ̨չʾ軨ϰѣޱ
⣬⣬ˣԼɫɫʪԿ¥¼
οÿŶﶼгȥġеĿ
ġ

¥ȥֻܿһЩӵǺͱ߿򣬷޴
ǽëСǽ¥һϻסȸӡһ
ֻè¡Զһ¥ϣ˼ҵ̨϶ͬ
ÿСӡԶһ¥ոտϻһЩİߣԶȥһ
ֽżܵķӣһתŵˮһЩӡ
ǶһСֻܿһЩƽıκͼص

ſţëëµķ֡¥ǰ͹εģһضļ
ιϵëëվ̨ϾܹڵĴˡһȴıҲһС
ſڲı󣬳ԶʱỨϺܳʱ䡣ëëСк
ǺźСһûпëëһۣƺûע⵽ëëĴڡ
һСкƺëë߿һۣëëոĵϲð˵ϣ
ɻǳˣСкȴԴת˹ȥСкûпԼĿûк
ӣëëһҲûСôһëëЩȻʧ
ؼʧȥһѵõĻ

ëëͻȻˣְһԶëëʹӹԶ˳
̨СкȴˡëëѸ߱Զܵȥͦ
ţһƽʱͿĹƣƽʱ
ûмԶĺֻһǡʵûʲôЩ
ëëȴͻȻƵʲôֲ죬
һΰԶɨӡһŮͻȻĸ߱Զ
׼ȷ˵ǰֿɴëëޱؿĿ⣬
ģԼоëëһ˴ڡͷȥʱ
Ů˲ˡڴڡ¥κһӶˣûһӰ

ʱëëһ£ڿԵʱëëʹһˣȴ
һ̵ëë뿪ʮĸ߶³ȥһθԶ
̣ʱĵܵڽëëӦһһһ̵صɤ
ˡ

4

ĵܵڽҪʲôëëͣϰͷػͷ
ʡ

˵

ûӦſ죬۾غϣʼ˺УҪ裡
Ҷˣըëëߺըëëǵֱ
ʲô׷Ͳˡ˵Ҫ

ëë룬Ų֪Ķһ룬ͨ˵绰

һ̽ӵģº͵ʣ˭סĶַʲô
ﵽ㣿
źܶ
˭
ҵܵܡ
ꣿ
꣬ꡣ
Ҵ˸˵
ҾҼҴˡ
һб
ûУҺҵܵܡ
Ҵأ
ϰȥ
绰İû˵һ˵Ǵڼ𶯣Ҫ
ܿ͵ˣ

5

ʱˡһʮ¥Ĺ޵

ָĹؽ˼£ëëſһ죬΢ؿ
һˡǸ壬׳Ƥɹüƣִһʯ
ͷļ⡣ǿ׳һӽԲͷ£ͷǵ
ŵýģؽڴִ˫־Ҫһëëʣ
˭?ЦЦȥָԼһ˵ġŷ
ĵɫĿԳº뵥

ëë۾϶һתˣ־òԾ۾ת
ˣ㲻ģûķıëë˵⼸û
и޶Ե沿仯˵ˣ㲻Ǵ
ҽһ˿֡ ëë˵С ˵
Ϊʲô?˵ˣİ˿š˵ĿԽëëļ
һۣվҧָͷཱུţ˵ʲô
֣ëëʵ飬һ䣺ʲô?壬
أëë˵費Ҹİˡ?ȥˡ
ЦЦ˵?ëë˵Ҳȥˡ˵ôȥ
?Скһۣ˵Ұ˵ˣһûǮʱ򡣡Ц
һ㶼ûʶԼЦ˰ͽֺõݡϿ
ҽȥɣȻ˾Ͳóˣ˽

ʱŴǰЦտضԸ˵
塣

ëëظһ飺˵ˣİ˿š۰Ͱ͵վԭ
أҶһ޷ܵССĵſƶ
б͵͵Ǻģһֻ·˼ҸιͷС
 ΪڿЦȥʱ۹ƿΩֵֿס
ջ󣬿ֲͣԼ촽ƺĳҪ͸
ָؽûӣëëûֻ
Ǽᶨ˵˵ˣ˲ڼʱİ˽ݡ

Ҳİˣ塣׳˵

ûǮûϵȳԣؼٸǮҲУ
һ˵Żһ߼ŲŲԽԽ˵ܵܵ
աӵʳһԵ¶ϣС
ҪϢȴڻζţֱͿıǼ⡣
ؾָУץ
ûз֣ΪǹŵģȻǴһ죬ɻǱ˩ס
һţջʵ̫ǿˡ

ܵˣëëεҧס촽˼Ƭ̣˵ðɡ
˲ͽź󣬴ƺһߴ
·ȴŲжݵذϣȻһϣ
Ϳ̨խСˡ

򿪺ӣһƬһƬԲԲ㳦ţ⣬ȣ裬
Ѭȣףը飬ެѣ̵ཷ
ˣɫңɫ魣޹ƵĢƬȵȣҪɫ
ɫҪ㣬ӿʼˡһһжƬԲ
򱻰ŵúڵͼϣ½Ǵ½Ǻһַʢ
ʵݵЧ廹˿֡վˣһ˷ʳ
ĹõһñһζȻΪѸٵذ
һζΪᣬܿͱô棻ȵ
˵ڶű컺ݵľ׽

һԡȶԵ㣡˵ء
ԹⰡԶٳԶ١ ëëܻенŵģ
һ㣬һֱ΢Цţû֡һ͵
ſʼܾнţҲûͣ½ͣҲûͣ۾ס
Ⱥִ㣬㳦ҼֲڵĹζһָС
԰ģΧֻʣһǡǷֿˣ
ָеʲôͬѰǳζͺĶֳԵ
ֽеײһ࣬ЩС⡢魡ζ
ζĲġ

ӱϣͦúֱǽĺ󾱣ɹ˹ͭɫ
˫̯ϣСĳ࣬ԡָһ̣
ţһɫķʹǰ㣬ë
ë˵ҳ𣿡ëë˵ɡǲˡ
ϥϡëëʶץϵĴšǰְֵĴ
糿ְؽŵؽסԼĲӣš˿
ñ΢΢¡ְְֺ޵飬һӾһ§ϡ
ûԣ͸Ĺͷʱëëñ״
ˣΪף˻ߡ

վʣб𣿡ëëվߵ
һЩţڴæиû뵽Ѵʲôطһ£
ëëһֱֱҵ˱ӡ˳ְѴ㶵
ӱԵĿ֡

󹦸ɰվԼƵزŪӻңһͷ
ԵڽšƵһɫ档ת
ת˺ϲĶƬǴһ˶Ƭüˡ
ûһ˸ôˡ˸߲ҵϷߣ
ϷëëιԼףʣһɫ
Ľˡһ¶㣬Ѿʼˣʼ˫ˮ̣
Ҫ忴ҪץסǼ鷳¡ץס㣬
ûаóˮ棬Ϊ˲ʹϢ

ëëͷ˵ַܸоĶӣһ
һĵأںе֣һ㡣˵


6

Կתһ£Ŵˡ˽ʱһ
ˣ ˭辪δʡëë壻
ëëڵϿ豧ֽӣİ
ˣһֵıûվȻվ
ʼ˵ˡ˵һѺܳܳĻСֵǵҲû
˵Բ뵽һˣ㲻𣿡ʵ
ǣ˵ҲġǾ죬ǽӵھӵͶߣ
13µĺӵڼΥйطɡ

ˣϵĴֽڵˤأֻ
۵һڵϹ˼Ȧ˵۾ɴˣĬ
ôһӱ˾壿

ԭëëҪĵ绰ǺҴģû뵽绰Ǵ򵽽
ȥˣ֮ǰھӾٱļ¼֪Сڼտ
Ϣ㻯װΪǰ쿴

ƹ£ɫѿҵͷһһŰ׺
ʵǲǰ׷ֻڵƹµӳաȻ䣬ëë
һǶ⣺ĺӣ㲻İ˿ţʵ
òʹָʧˣָ׼ֻëë϶ѡ

˴ëëͣһĳ嶯ҪĻҪѿڶ
ȴ谭һɳ嶯ĺȼա֪˵ʲô
ǳ㵵۾Ȼǳǳ£°Ҳ
ȥȴûһ̣ŷƳģŭ
ίĿĿ˿ڻƵ·ĭ
ʡʾ֤ ˵

Ҳ֪ЩɣҲӢģҲǹġһó֤
һֶ߽͡˫ҲȻйĳ̥ۿͽҪб
˽ϳ踺صйŮˣԶǶ
ʮ϶ȵͣ˵Ҳ뿪ӣˣô죿
ڼңݴ򹤡 

Ӳش˵Բһˣ֤Ҳ
⣡۾˶һͻȻԼһ鰵һ¡
ǲʹģڿˣ˵üѿʹǱ䱾Ϊ
СػȺһˮ󣬾Ͳᱻ֣ǣ
콵һˡеķʽùִ˵Ҳ
ǷǷ񣡡

Ҳ³ֻǲɵؼҪߡ˺
Ŭ˵Ҳܸߡûÿ
ʮСʱҺڡ֪ÿסڷڵҴ
ɵôʱڼźӣϵþ
һ˵ˣ𼤶ǻϸɷϵؼҿܺ
ӡʶ˵ı˾촽һֻȭͷ
ţƽȵŲΪͬıһº࣬βͬ
ִ

һ찢̽ˣһھ˵ëëʱ
һҹݴ򹤵İְֻëëһֶնյƤ
Ůˣзһ˫޵ģϸСƻݵ۾ϳ
ͻȻԶضԼǸŮˡ

ǰһëëͷЦݶ̴ٶãȫ
ľŴѳ֤ݶݽǿ𰡣
֪ʲôˮۿҲˣòëë
˵ҪõܵܣھӴ˯ְ־ͻݻ˵
ţĿȴëëŲˣĿ³һ˫鶢ŵܵܵ۾
΢ЦҲղţͺ¼񶨸񡣵ܵܲ꣬û뿪Լ˯
׵ܵܣֵϵһͷһͷ
ƴקĲӲţƵĴޣֱھӴš

7

豻ˣëë͵ܱܵھӴңʱ
ھӴźǣûһӡ׾ëëС֣
ŸһЩ΢Цëëһ㲻ϲָѪɫİֵָ
˲ƵͻīɫѪƤ棬Գһֲ԰ף״
̬

ղھӴʱëëNࣇNࣇNࣇNࣵ˵
ëëһᶢھӴ죬һᶢž졣һھӴۣ
һžۡ˵˵˵˵Ƕĭӣ
˷Ļ³һһСķһ
ʡëëˣڸлΪ˵ھ
Сڼûд˵İ㡣ʱëëսȭͷ
һҹյļУ裡裡
裡˵һ䣬ͱˣͳѪ˻ߣˮӿ
˵⼸仰õǿߣһֻС˺ϵë

ǰʹ񡣸ŦԼݷɣĸȨ13µĺ
ӶڼУΪ𡣴⣬ֿھ񱨾
ͼĵؽͷʣǲȷͱ˵Сǲö
Ͷ֮û飬ֻ˰绰
ݣǲſӵڼҶûмҳʵ
ԭ桯ˡ

ҹ͸ҹų˲ȱȫˡ
ëëһѾУε֨ѽްԹŵţ
ҹÿ¡ĵؽ˿ǹֵ꣬еĶ·
һƮ˯˵ţĵƮܾı
ͷ򡣺ǹĻ꣬ͷɢ̬ɫʣ
Ϲһ۾̬ɫʣֲӰһпֲ
Լίͼȵһֵµľ֮У
ºܾòŷֺ䣬ƤһЩ״СԲ㡣ڳö
ڰ첲ӵͷϹȫᡣ

ֱҹھӴֻóԵëëûθڡҲ
ûпΪ˻رĿ⣬ͷ۾ıǻܲʡ
ھӴĹִѾȫԾˡ޿κεؿ˿һ
ŬԿŵħ

˯ʱ䡣 ͷźã˵
Ҳ˯
Ҳû취Ҳ㵽ܡ
ְֻһҼҲԣ˯ƨɡ
ҵİְֲҵģ
ưɡֻҪԺӣҾ͸һܳԡ
ǣҲԱܣڽëëʼЦš
֪Сٲ˯˯ڲݶϣ
ͣ㲻ú˯ҾͰ͵ȥˡ
Ŀֻã˼ӣֻظ峺ſͣһֻץס
˷ܵطų̫ˣҪȥһ𣡡˵ţ
Ҫ绰֪ôҾˣʹ911е˵绰
קסϽ˸ڵϴҡھӴˮϴ˰Ͱ
˯ˡ

ҹëëڽ˿ÿһǳСģ־ԽԽץס
ԼǴӵСëëڳǽ˵绰
һ룬·ϢͲڴһ
ʵַƺ룿ʲôҪҰæģ
壡Ҫ裡 ѹ˵
ȻԷûĻ㽲һЩʲôҪҰæģ
ʲôҪҪ裡
žԷѵ绰ˡ

ëëںӰɥվһȣ֨һ̵
ž̶ĥиʣ˭Ƕëë
·ڴһˡǰְֵĴͳ
žգһµˣ𡣡žգ ž
գʶظŻ磬ŵţζģ
ְ֮Ե͸Ч

ͻȻϵıֽСĵȼˣһ
һɲǣֽҫԭںڰеһжո͸ֽ
΢Ļܿӳ졣ִ
ѵĻ⡣һʮ֮󷢳ġ˫ֲ
ͷгĳҰޡ

߶ˡСĿ
ӰڴԺֺġ

ëë֪ˣæ¥

ëëԶǵǸҹһΣյĸо·Լͷ˼
ͨһ㱡ģеģ˵ƤӴ
ԼҲŪ徿Ϊ˱ΪôġΪ
ɳƵسڼ½˹ԣ۵Ĺâ
ĹâϸС񣬵ʶȷģСС͵
ʶѫĵ

·ϵʱֹͣˡëëڿڴŰְֵĴְԶ
Ҳ֪˵ؽӽվڿտĴϣձһ
޴סˣղŷȷͷԣһʱֱˡܾ
ˣе㺦е̵궼ˣԶյµʵšԶ
Ĺϣֽż羨ĹǼ˵شںqqҹ·һɲ
ɵĽһϴɹһֻ񣬻ëëǰҵ
ڷˡһЩݳǽ赸һֻ˹βͣ·ߵ
˨ȥֻèǽ´һȻŵ
ҹգХŵ¥ǰָȻֹһЩӹ
ȥһ̨ͣϵëë

ңĸԪŻ𣿡
ĸԪŻ𣿡
ǵģ˱ķ˻ļ䣿
ķ˻ļ䣿
ǵġشңҪظҵʻ

ʵ֪ëëӸôٵʻСӵ˼άʱ
Ǻġëëϸز쿴ϵ·Ʋģʵ
Ǿ𣿡ǾȻӵģĳں桱ȻԱܽ¥

ëę̈ףߵһǰһ³ëëһҲ
ţ۾Ȼֱġ޷˵Ĺ⣬򾲵ҽ
ܣҽëëҷŵģڴȥְ---Ҫһ
𣡡

ƣëë»ԡ

һ紵Ļһɫ


Ǭסססססססססססססססססססססססססססס

۹Ľ

  С


ٶǰһ˵һӲò˵̻ɽ
һֻһ£ֻһ£ƭˡӲȱϵߡŵ
ԣȴûŵƭӦ֣ΪԵһ档
Prince, Ch.18, MachiavelliոոջͳȨλλ
ʷ۲ԡ

16µľѡͳѡٵĳйڮĵߡ
á踾Ůмʿ֧߲Ϊ
ҪīǮǽҪǧ֤ҪŤתȷ
ҪߵȷԺƷŮѡȨҪȡ°ҽƶȡЩӰ
쵽ϵˣ˲ҪйʵóƲã
йƷ45%Ĺ˰йҵʵй㷺ƲãйΪҲ
ձչΪ޵ĺһЩ˺
ɡӢȴΪջЩΪЩ˵
ԣÿ־ͳ޵

ձֵһ衣ھѡڼ䣬֧ߵͷй
ƾһ׻Գһļɣ֧ߵ滷굽
ǵֵշȺѡĳݲƸ϶Ψһ
춨״̬հǵܹΪࣺڽ̣ĻǮ
ɵ˹=ֲ壬ī˺=Ļй=
ΰ˵ǮΪ֧ҳǷŭͿ־
ɡ

εĻ⡣޳ģܵģġյ
ɹڹĶûܴѧˡ˵Ұûܽġ˵Ψһ
滰Щ˵ǽֱ档ôյİ˵Ѿʧȥ
Ĺε´յʤݣҡݡݣԭݡ
˹ݣЪʧҵʶȫˮƽ£4.4-5.4%ȫƽʧ
ҵ5.4%Ҳݣռ˿ڵ4.8-6.4%ȫ˿ڱ
13.3%Ъڹȥ8껹õĴ֧֡ЩѡԴյĳ
ŵʮͬѹӹǨعó׶ռıˣ
ֹƽóףǽؽ򡱡ִĹҵ
ҵѾǵһ칤ҵسԶʻ˹ҪĲǼ
ͶЩ֧߲֪ղǡǿҷ
͹ʣ֮˵ǹôҵԭ棻
ӦõĸߵߵĵλΪĿ־ͳҵ

εʵʩһƶȡһнƵϵͳҪͨ
֪ͬάʶĻǱ֤ߵƽȡƽȲһһƱ
ͶƱѡ٣Ҫ໥κءһֻصĻ
ȷѹסӺԣȺϺ棬ʹ
ԼԸرȷûаκ˵ɣ
˳߷йɡȷΧϣǱ֤˲ܴ
衣ղѡʼ͹ڮ˿Ⱥڽ˵Ů͡
յĵһǰȥ㱣Դ򿪷й޵ȱڡ

ȷǴĻֵߣڹıҪʱ
ԳΪϰߡ̶̵30겻ԸıȺ̬ȣյĶͨ
ᡢ罻͵ý׵ƷһȺııǱ¶
ڳ޵Ķǰ档

塢˳ݺͱĽγɴչĶѡĻⷽ
ͨαûкִܴ֧յ˶45ϣռѡ
55%Щ˵ȡ80ȨĲ90ʼܵ
ҵתƵĴ2000꿪ʼ޷ϻϢҵǺ
ǴµĲҵʧȥԻ͵λ͸߰Դ󡣹ȥǵĽǱյԴ
Ὺ֧ĸΡʮʼĴͳ˼
ڹȥ10ȺȥȡǵԼ˱ɺͿ֡ЩΪ
׼£µıѡ񣬰壬壬壬ڽ̱
أѧһȺ桱ǽصȴڡٻ

ÿόǵʱ䡣ʷϳֺ
ΰˡս·ϣͨ
ѡٰεסѡ͵ĹϵѡƱ档ֽҪ
֤Ҫٳʷϵϣ繫ԼĲƲ
ԴȴҪЩ緽˵մӲԵϣȴа
ΪϣϡûмϡƳ棬
Ϊ֪ڡмǧѡöĺ־ͳ
δյı֤

2016꣬մ˹ڣٶȻԻ͡(Take 
back America, Make America Great Again)

صġѡˡƶʹ˿ٵݱȴݵƱӰ졣Ȼ
ٵʮѡƱȫͳƣԤٶٶѡƱ
ȻϷѡͳ2016ѡı򲻴ĽЩ
ѡҪϣҪƷǻҪõ棬ǽҪصĹ
ңҪйޡЩ֧Ҳôһ죬һ You 
are fired

һ޴ߵӲɲᣬǻ˶Դյ֧֡ر֮
ΪЩ˱ȴ֧еܹͨʱĽЩĻˣ
رǵһģΪԼѾɹ(I made it)еλᾫӢ
ͬնӣΪЩ˵ĴԭǷ
ȷΪƽȨֱ˺˵档ΪĴ
ᱻӣڰˡӹڣִ֧աЩˣ
߲Ϊĳ˾ϰ͹˾ϲˡǡǡ෴
Ϊǽͳɹϰ޷ΪΰԭŮ
ǺܽĻᣬռԭǵغͷݡ߲ʣ
ǲҽǲǹʦǲǽڣ˶˰㴴˶پҵ
ᡣǻɡ㣬ΪķɫΪԣΪʳϰߣ
Ϊ㲻˳ۡϳ֡ййȥʱ򣬲ҪΪ
ЩṩĺīЩˣѧְλλһΪԼڿӵ
档

մӦΪΨҲǽߡδղĳΪ
ߣʱδδߵΣղӰȫ
ľãȫ⽻ߡ˱Ⱥ
ϣɨ˶ԿѧΣƷ֮Ļأɿӡ
ЩΪ̬ʱնͿɴտʼɱ䣬
顣

ʮһ°գһڻ˳˯Ķħ


֮ 

һƽ

ͺܶһϲʫʣҲϲʫ£Էḻԭ
Ⲣ˵ǻлöϡ

ִ˵УһЩ̸۷˼Цá

߾

һֵǧ𣬻

¥̨ϸϸǧԺҹ

ʫǳƽףֱȻʱԽǧ꣬µäҲ
Ժ︡һҹͼ붫ʱ
Ĺĺʱǧ

ȻڡٶȰٿơ͡ʫȶദý壬ȴ
֣

ƪдҹҹʮֱ󣬻ʢɫˡ
䲻дҹĺҹɫˣڸǹı󡣺д
ǹٻ¹ײ㾡ֵ龰ҹѾˣԺһƬţȴ
¥̨Ÿ͹֣˵Ե
д޷ζȫƪд续ȴ侲ȻдУ
ί͸¶߶̰ͼ֡ϧ˵Ǵ𡣡

˽Ŀɿڴ߲ⴿдСʫ˶ԡ
㡱ġζȻܿն¡̰ͼ֡ϧ
˵Ǵ𡱡

ƾʲô˵дǹٻ¹ײ㾡֡ĪǾƾ¥̨
͡ǧԺ䡱Щǹٹײר¥̨Ϸݳ
ʷҪֳѩ˹ͬ׸Ͷѡϼ
ϻƧɽĿͼ˴䣬ƶײһǡǴ
ǰйϷ¥Ǵ߿ǽġҲ
ԼļգԸϵҵೱţҺö೤׶ǲͬ
ʱڵԱ֡ǰɽҰﺹˤ˰عϾۼϷ̨
Цࡣ˽ӵĻƻ裬ȫҴյǹݣ
Ҳ׻ݵذϵΧϷ̨ǰѰֽⷦһġ
¥̨ӦڸؾձԣҲӳ˾Ĺ׷󡣺ο
ǡϸϸϸҲңԶԶƮͽµĻڳ
Ժｻ㣬Ʋкֻศɡͨƪܵ
ĸŵ˭Եڼ䣬ݺθɣǧԺ䡱͸
ˡʱӶеصİ˭ҷǰݺһ
¹һľͲǧһҲƲ⣬㳤
ԺҲйֹһǧþʷϴġն´
ƶְʱʮ˶ͯڼУ
˱ΪϹ¶Ժ״ߣȰѧʿò
ȵĺŪǧڳ֮Сԣ˵дǶԹٹ
ĳȫ޻̸֮

˵ǴǿκαȴΨΪ
ǡһ֮ˡ˰֪䡰Ѿ족 һ
¡⣬ƽ˽⣬˿ߣν
евþĥŵ˵һڳ
νġױȡһӡΡ
ޣ֪ʮĹˣЩеǧ·أ޴
 ϵ곦ϴҹɸԡֱ˻ɢ
˺ѷΡ

ȻԱƣ˵Ƕ̰ͼֲϧݣ
˵ġһ¡Ҫ˵Ӱȴ
ƽն£˵״Ҳ֮Ѱʵͼ
ǴϲǴʵࡣ

1980ǰʮ½ʶ̬ʢУڡ˼
ۺͷۡ£ɳһ ΢͡ʵװ
Һмҡгġ͸󿴱ʡϸ΢񡱵ı
ⱾûдƫǺñ죩˿Ѱ
ͷκھ׼Ժͽ׼¶ܲϸߡ
ѩ´ֶû׼ıǩ˶׷
ʽǴνֻһɫ
ŻҲ·Ҳ˵СҶ󡱡೤͸
۵гϰ뵱ȻΪҲһͷǴ


ǣǿ¿Ϊǿ˵ǻ1980ǰ
üˣ˾ռ߶ڳµġҲּʶ̬
һԵġ޲׼Ļĸʷǰ
ƽ١ҾȵǣǸʱѾȥ30꣬ҷ
ʶ̬Ҳѡȫ桱ĸǻȴò˥
ʫڰٶǧؽż
νֵĿתͬСı壬лѧ
ʦʫʼ͡ġɼַǴۻ൱гһУ԰
šǵĺѧӡ

һ봺йصʫ䡪׾׵ġҰղ紵

Ӳ֮ղؼûиı䡣Ǳµĸӣ
һʱ˱ٶȴסа˵ҲӲݣԺ
˼άʽ˼뷽ĸȻܵ񶨣̬ƽ
ԭ򣬲ĸ˼ĻԨԴȴûеõΣַԵ˼
άʽ˼뷽Ȼҳ£༰򻳾ߣ
԰壬мǿۺƫ˻ζ
ĸʱںϢûɹӲԻݶ١˭ܵ
ӿļ˺ͱ̬Ͳ־

뿪Ʋ̨¥Ⱥ͸ԶĽֵƻԻͣ¥Сƽ̨ϴ
ġ㳡衱Լrϵ·ǵġǧ΢΢ҡ
ȴһʯͷѹš

⣬Ҳһ֡¥̨ϸϸǧԺҹ

2015-03-18дڸݣ


͡סססססססססססססססססססססססססססססס

Ϻ

  ġ


÷س˴վŤͷһѾúܸˣŵȴ绰
ĸЩæûͷˣԼÿһġؽŸһˣЬݽˮ
ļзЬקʱЬȴһڽҲ࣬÷
ЬС߻ؼҡ򿪷ţһƨشŶ˵
ֽҪðˣһѳַȻзţʾתĵֽ
˷Ӱַˣǵһ⡣

СأáǰпĺЦҶȲһṦ
Ϳдܶ࣬ڴȴ֪ôĿʼҲԽĵԽ
ˡʱȥˡȥһֽ﷢
ľ壬ֽѾƣģúúõķţҲ
ںڵϺֻ˾ļǺSҲڡ
ˣʱŵıͷ͵ֽﻹǱΧǡ
²ǻ÷үүһ飬ƤûˡҼǵõ鶼˵ģ
÷үǼһҪġⱾЩӣϧ
첻ˡֽĲĵַ˵ҲţҽεĻ
ڵĳת˼죬㣬ǲûУеĲڶ
ֻܳڵӾûʲô漣ҲˣǸе
ҵƻһյɣҿˡڵСﵨ󣬵˵ϲ
Ĵ壬Це㣬۾Цָоʱ
ĴʱһǸˣ֮ǰǸų
׷ԼϲˣֲܸɴؾܾһϲԼˣ˵һûб߽
С֪ҲˣֻΪһֱסһˡ

˵ûκһ˻ᣬȻ绰û,Σĸ
׳ӢŽ˵绰ճˣĸߡ˵һֱ
ڱԹǰ˼ٿǮðմˮһ¾ͻ˶ٶࡣÿ
ʮǮҲ͹Σ̫࣬屣е㱣ϡ
÷Ȧɹøգ̾˿绰ͣ£
Ӣ飺ֽݽˣԼ
ˡá㵱ҪܽصλģĻ
Ƣ̫󡪡˵ˣ̥һͻˡһҪ
ӡŮϳˣ˵˼Ρڼȵ㽶Ƥˤ
ˣסԺ̥ʱB˵Ůˣ˭֪֪Ǹк
治٣Ҳ֪ҽ˻ǹģһ˳ò
Сÿδ绰ӢҪʮ˴½鶼߶߶÷
裬ȥǡ÷˵ҪȥӢ
סˣŵ绰Ҳģֱ׾Ĩȥʵᡣʮ
ˣ˵绰ﴫ޵ļƬĵѾͷ

С캢ƺ쳵Ƶ߸ϣѿϱֻƹҧһ
ڣŴ油꣬һඣ쳵ඡ
÷ϱߺ߱ӼŤԲСӿЦŶ;үү÷
һ飬ͷţ۾ڱϣƲһۡ
һ÷ˣǹȥ꣬еǵһΡҲ
Żȥ顣΢΢͸Ź⣬컹δ÷ؾţʱ
ϺӦˮڣ̱ڶˬķ粻֪ƣ
عιһʻĻ棬·־Ϳɴʱ⣬
ʸеЦ

˻ƱֻϢԭ˵ٱȥ
̩棬־˵ĵط̤ʵδô˻Ҳܿ
ͬѧһڵг̾ͽаˡ÷ؿϢֻûصʵڱǸ
бİţԺϺʱԼһ£Ļеġ˰Ρ
ǶСġֻعġͯʱѣ
伴ʹܰҲȥˣ˾ʱ⣬ֻʺϻˡ

һ

÷ҵԺڴ룬۵ש÷ӳɼҺ÷
סǰŵĺţһȦǽӾֿҡլϵľȻ
ؿţк䲻ͣͷĹȳȴַǷ
긾ŮʯתȦӢȻȦŲȴԽ
ˣԱߵ迴ɫ԰׺ˮʪģҪ㵽ԱЪ
ӢҪǿ˵öǶһһġҲ
ЪæУͣˣͣ¡ϱһ˵ذһˤ
ҵûȥ٣ָöˡǹֵԶԶµ
ǼŮ˾֪ЪЪҪ۹ˣ

ػصתȦˣҲóԿڲˮ
תã֪˸ʿࡣиǷֵȨ治ˡѹ
ŮǵĳһǣŶҲû塣ųӢ
ҪСˣòݲ淭ˡӽãҪ۾鷳ˡȥ
Ĺ֣ˣСܳԵڡǺ
ϵƳġӢЦһܰѶˡ
ð·ݱҴ󣬻ûһʲôܸɡһЦ
ͷСЩǶעºáӢͷȴַ
˵ÿ˷Ӧһÿ̥᲻һɲҽ󡣡

ʱ졣ӢͦŶշֵĺֱºʱ
ƽûպãһŤⵣһߣʱһɰӿ˳£
ŵػŶӡ뼸Զ״ЦӴ㽿ģ⼸
ΪˣҪֵˡСӶ̫ܳˣƤ
ܡ˵ųӢǵģǱһһµģô
ˮˣţ𶯡˵ߵͷƽ峵ϵﻮһԣ
ֹųӢƽ£ǹֵͳӢؼҡ 

÷રવس̴÷ڻҰĶ͵¸ϷһС
Ϻ󣬴ݵ׼ЩСû뵽ڿ
硣

ͷӣ˵ûʲô°ɡŮӾǹŹأû׵ģ
һ̥Ҳ̫˵㣬Ҳ֪кŮ

ʲôû⻹ңкŮǺƽƽͺá˵
̫һۣ˵ӦûµģҪġ

ǲһʱӱ˵ҲûӢɻ֡
˵ЩҪŸöãеŮһȺˡ˵۾ʪ
ţԹ˵ϸϵģͶ˷Ѳ١ûĶ
ˣʲôءЩ쳤ӢЩ鶼̫ã
ˡ

÷̴ͷĿģ˵Ҳ
Щѡ㿴ЩӣǺԶĵط˸ɵˣ
ɥ£׼ĸڣͽ˵ģ
ȥʱҲûܡʵҪǼģθҲô
硣Щر࣬ЩҲûԹʲô÷쵹иɲĻ
ũæʱ򵹰ˣõڹǺӵģǶҲô£
ԺӵˮڳŪȥʣЩʲô޷Ǿǲ
ŰˡûͷƽպߵЩʲô衣ͷ
ˣֱġʲôã̫ɻ̧ͷһʣ˳ͷƤϲ
ͷ

ƶũũһġ̫ģһЩ
ֻϵɹʳ̫ôһġûʲôֻ
ס

ʮˣͲ˳˳϶˼ƶũܿӾ
ˡ㿴ͷԬвŵӣСĶ¿ʮ˰ɣҿɼ
ˡԬһӺͺˡҿ˳ûУҪҲҡ
ʲôӢ۶úӷϸҲкõĵ
븾Ůܶˣ㿴ڶƽˣ˭ҲȢСˣŮ
ٲùˡ÷Сֹš

糿͸һ⣬ϸ΢Ļҳڹﻶţ
ϸ۵һ޽ɨȴƣ 

÷üͷ̴ͷҶҨ˰춼ûװáŮȡ
գɳȱľδ˵꣬÷û
ʲôӲӵģ͸Ѿͷиоˡȱľȱľˡ
ѾͷѾͷôˣҿͦõģҲЩŮ˿Ůˡ˵
÷ٴ̫ţԹ˵ľ̫ࡣ÷⣿޸֮ﲻã
ư㣬ͽ÷أ̣ͺֺٻ
ϵҲϿڡ

÷ϲͷ˵᲻ģɡ˼ҳӢҪҪȡ
˵ءץʰʰֿҪˣ÷ɨˣʶֵ
ӣʲô˵ɻ֪˵ٴˣҲġʶֵ
̫¡û򿪵װ飬׼ȥˡ

÷϶ڵĺǲ͹ȥЦӢ
ǵö÷ýŻ˵һ΢Ц˲裬
͸Ƕ˺ɰڹˡӢӹȿڷڴͷϣ
̵һСʮǮš 

÷ӿŮʱѾǵڶʱ֡谵ĹУ˯
СģСȭͷ߬ý÷Դԡ÷ϸСָ
ָ׻ûãһ㣺ϸСܿͷôӢЦŽ
ҲʳءҲ
ͳʮͷĳƱһ飬üŵݸӢʣµ·ǰӢ
˲˵˵㻹ȥˣ۵ҪǮҲ䲻¡
ˣǵĹ־Ͳȵǣһ˸ɶٻҲ͸֧͸֧û
ʳ죬һְ׸ˡ˵ǽʱǽǮھ˵ʻǽǼ
ģ˵ôҪҸʰǸˡ Ʋؿź
Ӣ˿һԵģСҲһ

÷ЩڵؽӹӵǮ˶˵㰢Ҳˡ
ǸؾҲǧˣԼӶŮҪˡЩ֪ʶ
ɣֲᡢ粻굹֪꣬ʶ̸ˣһҲ
ѧҵƶ黹ûá΢ͷȥͽ
ˡûϵˣԺҲϵģˡ

÷ǲǻȥҹ㣿㿴͸ˣЩ˰ɣ紵
ˣ˺챧Թ¿ࡪûЩĳˣ»
ࡪǰĻû࣬˭б˭Է˵ڳͽ
³סĵ㲻˺ãӢģһ˸ɻֹ
ƽնͦãܻسʲô˵ġʲô飬ǹµʱ
οˡǰʹԸ⣬ǻáļͳ䲻
㡣ˣǸ˶һˡ˵ְરળ̴


Ӽĳ˵˲ɤӡ÷۽˵
ޱ浣ġһ֪࣬Ҽˣϱ
ǷǵġЩ˭ˣҪǲͲҪ̸ʲô
һܷȫ˦˦־ˣ÷ѵ󣬳Ժվڹԣ
İһһǻһ˸еۡѾһҳˡ

ʱ򣬶ӳзվڴɵߺȴ񼯺ϳ
𣬸ŮǴ쿪ЦһѡӢ̾Ϣһ
ˣðƽҪӼˣͷ͵кɶĥת
תȶǦƵģͷκģ˻һŵӡȻæȥµ
ɻۣ÷˵ˡͷԣˣҲؼҸɻ
ɡ  

óʱʮ壬ϡ¹ˮϴһ
ȡҵЦհ꣺˸̳ӡĸ
ȥͺǵʱ򣬿ֱȥ֡



꿪÷ˡʮ̫÷ÿ춼ϻ
šԶҲòϵߡ೤󳶲ϵʱ⣬͸ҡ
ڵ֦ҶǿӢøӷ÷÷ţ
̣ҿԶˣЪЪʱ
ܻ÷̧ͷ峤ӢЦ£û촽ֵһ

Ӣռ޹ʱĦųӢ֣ðƤġ
˰һ˾ͳˣ͸˾һҶԼʱˣ
㿴ڶƤݹˣԼŶˡʱ䲻ˣ
߳ӢԺⷿӵʱעºǽҰѼζ
ǽˣλõˡ

˵ϱУ˵˵ĵ˾ѡ̶ԳӢĺãǲǷ
ԲģͬͼӢԲֹʱͼ
ܲ͹÷Ͽ˾ͷ˵Ӵôû
ϱʱĳӢ֪ζӦ©˵˵òţ
ԼʲôС˼ҵĹŮҲǱųġóӢȥɻļ
ǿɶǲޱԵġɻĲԣתĳԺõġ÷ֻû
֪û뱻ŵ¶ɫޱ񲻺ãֲǲ
֪һһûӣյ˦ֶȥֹ:
ԼŮۣյġӢ㶵վſԶ˵
Ĵһˡ

ڶϱ÷ϺԼԵɣ÷ǲ˵ġһ˼ͷȢ
޵ڶ걧Ǻܳģ÷ϼ޹ü꣬û
ӵ÷ϵɫҲˣ䲻ָżճ
ҲЩðƫѵģ÷ϿһݵŮ
ľ㣬ǼҸĸʮǮľڼ÷һ
ûһаŮûͷϣ޴ӼУͺñȴˣҲð
̣֦޴ͻһľиҰԴ
Ȼʮ㣬ϸɾԸְʶ壬ĵ÷ϻϲ
÷дֵʱпҲȥѧ֣ġ÷ϲ
̱дֶ飬ӢٵصĸоÿʱϽԼ
רĽ

÷ϵҷСŮ޲űǵ¡ûѧû˽ѧ֣
Լ˵Ҳġ÷ʶֶ飬ɪг
Լ˵ʱôõ֪һЩҲã÷Щִÿ
ȰͲֺֻա÷ˣ˼Ϊϸ壬
÷ϴ֦ҶæǺǵأϼ㰲ߣд̾
ʶʼּǿݣ˹ϲҲÿ˯ˣֻ
Թ˷ѵ͡

÷϶ľѧ̬зƺͲ⣬ΪѧǼ٣⹴
Լɷ档ռľ𲮰ıҪġǫ́˳־ӵ
⣬æȥʰ̨Ѿˤһǡ÷ʰҪҳ
ľŵһվš÷סӵֵϹ֣֪
˲ʰľ㲻ʶֶѣʲô㻹˽⣿
ëҲϵü֣ҲûҪһ뷨ִ֮
ϣ㿷֮޲ãЩһ᲻˵ҿľͿԼһ
˵ӵĶӣ㣬˺ӣûˡ
һ֣Сѿ˲֪Ϊôˣ÷ϼþգ
ЩҵԼʵûһͭĹϵżȥСסգɩǿ
ģҪȥзһҲã
ֽˣվǱߣҲԼŻ治ˡ
ˡ        

ȥݺʱ÷ķ۰ף
Ȳˡ÷ϸ˵˵ˣӺˣˡ
ˣҲܳԡȫһϲľԵе¡÷˽¶÷˵
Ҳʲô˼ң檣ۼûͳϱģ
ҪƼҵģҲùѾͷΪЩ
ҵֱ˰ġҲ䶮ˣѰŸҸʵĺ˼Ұɡ
÷˵ﲻֳɵģ÷ͳ£Ǽ޳ȥáϾ
ǲ˼һǻ¡ͷԬ˵Щ󣬸
÷Ͼմ󣺡ľǼЩӣлûţ
ԸҲãһԺ͸ǳ޵Ůһң
ǿɲίºľ޹ȥϲ÷
Ů÷ļʱ˷ԲҪ''÷
ŷװŮĲȴ޴ʹֻðοԼ׼ţ
йʣһ㶼׳ʵ޲֡˼£ٽаţܹµµ
ת۾Դˡ괺죬ľ˸ޣȡԬƽ˵
˺㶼Ԭ

÷ӣŮ÷÷صүүӹ
Ҥһͬղҡ¼ӵıһȥαҲץ׳
˼Ϊ˴׳뾡ְ취ӱܣׯľĶӣաĴ
ָԴ洫մʼˣׯľ˼ͽܸɻҵĴ
ӺȻձˣ˺ļʮԽԽա˵װþˣ޷ֱˣ÷أ
СʱƤûٺϹҲź׷ŵô
ޣûӵ۵϶ǲμ˺սۣһҰʱһڵ
ڽԣը޵͵͵ҹ籼ѰؼҲպϱ
ܵԵ֮һ㵱Ҫܣ˵ҲܻһְٰҲ
ģҲܾͱըˣ˭֪˭ȥˣҪиһ
ְ㣿˵ˣһٺó

÷Ҷӱ̺Ըˣ׶Ҫˣ÷
ϰĹŮ÷ϵɷ÷ô˸һף֪
ȥ̣ˣúõ׶ҪϹĹۣģ
ĴձڵʱҲûôƴҪФϴһ
ˡ÷ʱ˫ĿᾼԡϹĹۡĻ
Уɷŭһƽ

÷Ͱָ÷˵Ȩȥˣֻ˸ܰĺ
׼ҡУôŮҽ˼ƺ󣺸˨Ȣ

˨ĸ÷͵Ľ㣬ǰ˰˾ŸӶûʮ
ƴ˸кڵܼܵң˭֪Ϸͻ˺
һǰһˡŮĸһˣҡȢΣ̫
飺ҪױһкʹӲ룬øФĶ˩Է
գŮҲʮˣƸҲֻ൱˼ҵҪһʼױ˨
űФ׳ʵ

˨ʮ꣬˵ŮԼЩϲǺľ㣬
ľľľƽտԼ˨˵
Ȣʱ˺ľøУ˭֪Ԭľܿͼˣ
ԼǵС»ûл¶ŵĵ꣬ݵİ
õõ졣÷Ҳһҹû˯ԼǮ÷ȴοʲ
ô᲻õġ˵ҵҲ˨ˣ
ɼҺǴˣҲΣͽҲĿˡ 

Ȣ죬÷ҵԺӱΧˮйͨϱҦԶڼʮ
⣬ʮŮ˫δ棬˼ҡҦԶ
ϼһ˫㣬÷ϿϲҹҦԶ˨ֱ
߸ߴʵϲ˨Զ׾ĳۣ
ǰҲīأɢӰˡҦԶŮ˨ȴ͵͵
αȥˣƺһȥšбĴ˵˨Ӧȥ̨
塣

÷ʱ̾ү˸죬ҲǴСԼ
һģԴһ顪ˣʲ
ôģ򶤣вмпгкȵԸξǶ
в˭£ϰղǿԼֳԷ˵Щֺ
Ķӣ˭Ͽڷԣˡ    

һ죬÷һҲŴ󲿶ˡ÷ޣ÷
ô˰֪ޣҪ뵱Ѹȥ׷ҲҪ
ˣȥ׷÷һصС׷
أӲϣҪק÷һζϱţͬеĹٱ
ŲȰ䣬ֻŭظŻˡؼҺ󲮰Ըб
ţŵһԹӲ˴󲿷أװ
صԪ˸Źȥ÷էӱ뺷˵һģԾ
֮ж֣ţȻعһŰֽ֣
ں޵ضʹԼԴ÷ͳС̿˺
ʲôӣͬ䵽ڣ÷ֻ
صİĸһˮõޣʡԼãѶգ
ڼ˵ѪˮһӶˡһ밢
ǶҰļҸɵ£úõģŸ̧ӣ֪
ȥ̣ʱȥФҲãûܻ
ʱ֧ĸãЩӵкˣ˵Ź
Ҥ̶գصؿ÷Щ쿴ɷľȻ
ĸв޳ܴȥɷļͷ
ЩֲǴû׹Ժʳũæʱ۵ͷ
ã˾ȨϢˣЩܱȸɻæáԺȲ
ˣǮⶫߣҪ̫أڲ
ǿˣû̶͵Եػҿʲôֵá

ɷʱ÷ǿũ÷óһһŷĦ
ˮͷԬҵûôãһİصʱ
÷˵ƽʢŶҲǮ
ҲǮֻܵģֻҪú־ֻܳҪҵ⣬
ʲôҲҵĵأҾͲаˡ˵ǰɣ÷ϵܡΪ
˵÷̾˵ǣϸ磬ҵðФҪ
ҸඡԬв÷͵ļ򣺡ʢҲûʲôֻҪ
ɾܻġΪ¾ʹͷɥФɽͷȥܶˣ
ӻںͷ

÷ʱ򣬴ųӣһǮȥСǮ棬
Ųž͵ЩСˡ÷֪Ǵһܼҵ
һзһз÷˷ܵܽԺӣȥԬвŹ
ƬˣˤһֻҲţҵҲˣϥǶѪ
ˣ÷̾ҡҡͷȥ

÷󣬷ŭ˵ĳһòУ
ͼӴ侮ʯĻСҲҪԬвʱʱ̹
ȥιιڣֵˡӣüһݣ˵
Ԭвʲô£˼ֲǿĵأĵֲûǮҪ
Ժζĳ̣Ҳأ÷͵ĵؿ˿ӣɱǻ
ˣǽжʲô˵ˣˡиû
˵ؾȻǵ÷Ƶ˵ǲҪɣֻ
ˡ֪˶ʲôʱܽǸ¿ɲ˵ˡ

ڶϣԬвŵӱԼҵţȦˡԬҴӳ˿ޣ
ҲûʲôΪº󣬴ҲһѷظſˣЩ˽
˼ԼҲܹԬСݣԬˣļ޶ٻ
֮ġ

÷;ּҵָ÷ٿǮҦԶ٣̸˵
ٿ飬ӣҲзݹͣȢҦԶ˼ױ
ҪأǾͼˣԼ֮լض鲮Ф
ЩǮ

һԪҲ͵һãܿͼˡ÷ҲˣѲϣ
ҲӲҶˡżſүү̳ײˣĭ
÷ʱü˸÷˵ּҸˣ
壬˭ûڳԵġ÷һٰƳԼӻԲ
ãͲÿӼϣӼҹʲô㿴÷
ͳĳж︣Ҫܹˣеĳԡ
ܳԼ죿ڸĸ֫ĺûˣ֪ʿͲŹ
ˡ÷ϿЦţԽԽˡ⾰ܺˣӣ
һһˡûʲôʵʵɻ˵ء
ڿҲǺ顣

û꣬ҵ׿컨ʱ÷ͲˡбԺǽϣ
שǽһ̵޺ǽѷ顣÷;Ͷ׿ǽߣ
һ÷ţ˵áүү˵
˼ң٣Ҷͼ˺ϻﷴ±ҹǲɢ
һ֧һֱߣضʵҲû
Ǯˡ÷˾Ϳʡɻһһĵܣ
˵һءһŵһ׵ĺˮҲġҵһ
ôûˣ˵ܡ˵ڣڿһӣһ
ˡڡڲԷ˵Լ
̰벻ˡ

÷СĽӹѹ˵¡ҲûҪ
ЩҪࡣ÷ͷҲ㣬ǰһ
㣬ڿ컹ǺˡҪҲȥЩƬô
ĸ顣ˣҶûС˵仰ˡû뵽Ѳ⣬
Ӵ廻Щģƨ˵֤÷ӿ
ſʧؿүү͸ס

÷ԼðϵɼľײĿԪ
ˡ÷ϵһҲ֮һʱʣµһϹʧ
Ρ

÷ӰļСѧʼˡʱضչ鼯ˡÿϴӶ
ʳҨ׻ĥĺÿ˶'һҨһ'һҨӼһӣ
Ҩĺˮ÷ϻҪˮϡ͡ÿϺȵϡϡĺˮȥѧһ
ڿκѾ÷ڿϡѧһˮҲ
Թеͬѧٶһˮ첻

ӺͲޱ˯ţ͵Сޱ죺Ż
ûÿô󡣡˵ĻҶˣҲû
Ի˰ɡ÷ҡͷ̾ϢҪǰ۾ͺˡ˵ȣ
ǿͷҲˡ÷ϲ˵Ǵ˻ٰû
ˡȣô˵Ҿ㲻ȥ̨壬
ǻô÷̾˿Źʲôµ
ء

÷̾ҪˣҲҲˡʱֻаţ
ӺͲޱǺġʱҶȥܾһ顣
ô˵һһһŹܱ͵ǿ
һҪڵ̫ˣΪʱѡģûɶѡ
񣬽Ҳܺûʲôᵽţ÷־
üһڴ͵ơڰ÷ص˼ᡣ

ŴС쳣㡣÷Ļ˵ĿɰŮ
˾󣬶ŰЩɾ塣Ųʮʮˣ
Ȼ˸գʳȫûв˵ֱŲŻ£Ƥ϶Ǻ㡣
ȥҩҲתŽ֣ðɣҳȥ
档ŷۣ˵ȴŻһڻˮڳĽëһš
÷˶ӣŰţţҰͲţıȵۣ
һҪ,˵˵ţᣬˮһŷֹ
ϳеᣬղˡ

졣÷Űţһᡣðᡣδ˲
أùľ÷ϴޣţ۸ô죡
ԼһµİһؼҲԲȺķˣҲûˡ
ôͷǰ氢ǸĵĺӣҰôˡ

ҤФ˸㡣һ֣ɷŰ۾˵˶
ˣѰҿİФ˵ⲻ᲻ò㿴ɰۣ
ѹȥˣģֻͯȥˡ
úõȥɡͲϯ˰ں£ޱκαʶ

÷ӶѧҽԶһӡÿʱܻؼңֵ
ߣˮûúˡ÷۵˵ﰢˣ
ܸĸӵͷͬѧؼˡû˵ʱֻԼĶ
죬Ѱ

ԬĵؽӻͳһСݹĻƶɩӣŵ
տȣ伢

ԬĹŵСȥξϾѾ飬Ԭɷ
õ̫ܵףҪԼȥڻսսˣƺš
ɷսѰѶӴƽȥˡսѷûӣԬɷ
һչʳù
ӽʳһߣûôš

÷Żƶ촽ţҲ˵ʲôԬѹ˵
Ӳ֪ˣûͷׯնҲ˵ˣǶ
壬ﰢĶζΪˣû뵽һ⡱˵ų
ӽ˲۾˯ţﷺˮҹ͵͵
ܵܵɣڰҲˣŵûЬܣ׷ȥȥ
ǰЩˣұǺҲûӡ˻̫ˡ



÷ؽˡ÷żҲᵽ̴߳
÷ضЦСһ㻹治÷زȥ̴
ϵ񻷡÷ЦֺС֣Ժ͸㡣÷С
Цˣ¶˿С÷ʣȻû˻ش

ޱ˦һöɫ־Ĳ߹εسϷһ÷
Ǻº־ú棬ҲᳶùõĿţʱޱҲ
Цš÷Ů﷢࣬Ŀ̴ͷԺȥˡ÷
ؿ˿ޱ޶⣬ַɵš

÷ϵΪҷǣޱĲǵҩΡ
ˣ˼ˣһɼкˣʲôĶͳͳˣʱ䳤ˣǲ֪
ͱԺȥˡ÷̾㿴ӣ˭ԸⰡ
ͷиԶݣڹ繤и˳еɡ
˵кùֳúõģʲôܶԲޱã
ҲԷģǲ

÷󣬶ųһ̣˵˾䣺㿴Űɡûʲô
÷ȥδŮ󣬻·ϲϸԼǳ˵㣬
ȱ첲ȣиĹޱܸɻҲѡ

ػνžͰ÷Ͼö£ͷšˣʳӢ
Ҷûϸô˭ҵģЦҲѿЦҲѿ˳
治ˡ

Ӣ˵̣Ͱ˵Ц˶ˣ˭ҵģ

ӴҤǱߵİɡǳҶ˼ſ
˼Ӣ˵̿װͿˡޱû
δޱ̵Ľԣ̣ҾҲܸ
ˡ˵̱ϺһŮҲӰţջ
ȥɡ÷ϸųѹˣñЦ
˼Ҳÿ˻ءػȴ÷ưӵ·ϣ
߰߰ɣܴĲŵøˡػ͵͵Ƴ˼۲
ޱͷסİݣȻȥ

÷÷ϻݣøɵĺ¡˵Ҹҩӣȴֱ
¶˰˳Ҳ̫춯ˣûͿˡ˵
˲ãͱ˸ѡ÷Ϲҵÿ
ɣкݣ²ޱǶ˵
׬ӶԺҲˣ

÷üͷذર죬ķҵطụ̂
ð̴ͷһҶ¾ôޱȴǰĬˣ
·ƮױܼüŪֹϸͷʱü
ƺֿ

ȥ÷ߣ÷Ůһۣרšߡޱ߿
Զ÷֣÷زطȥ÷šһٿС
ޣﻹӰӡ÷ϰһߣͷȺӢӢ
СѾСѾˣ 쳤ӢһȺŮҵ̧࣬
æܹͷȥҡ

ޱߣ÷رɵšɫˮһһأɫ
־ѾƯԶˣֹˡ÷龰޷ޱ
Цһ߰ɣһ·˵˵ͦãҿҲŮģҪ
ľˡһ漵㣬ʲôͲ֪ʲôǿࡣǶ
׸ҡ÷ţޱҪϲǸ
־ʹȥ˵߳ޱƹȥ
ޱŤͷ˭ϲˡôһȥͰԼ˵
ˡеʲôöҳзҸң
ɵ׵ĺܡ

ǣȻؼң̫ˡ

ҪˣҲȥ÷ɫ䣬ȥһ첲
סޱһֻֽץס÷ءӢϵ󣬳÷ؽţˮ
ءޱǳôĻ÷šʱҲˡһޱ
ͣ£͵ӥһؿŮʱš

¶ʮС죬ػ׳ˡһץ⣬һ
Ĺҵģ÷ϵۣ죬û̡
֡÷Ͼý۲󣬳Ե£Ҳûٿºȴ̧ͷ
ˡ÷ػ˳üëػ˵
ҪˣǸϴŻ˲ޱιЩÿΧ
˿ˡ˵ŷ¶ˡ

װһΧһɫɴƿҤ̶ա÷
˶ģҪȥޱɴΧ÷
ϧؿŮޱҰû˼ҡ۲ҪЩý
ùС˵˶ǵģûȥҲûãһ⣬û
˼

һȥٵʱ򣬲ޱȻͬˡ÷
ޱվҵƵĲȣ˵꣬ޱ
˸ֵĹŮԼҲ׳˲٣˭֪´ʱӴ
ˡԴ˲ޱǲ壬Ļ˵˼䣬챧źӵСӣ
ͺӽػƵѧͳ̣˵ͺˡ
ϧûȵһӳһϣޱְſڼұߵС
ˮǳˡ

÷򸾸γϣʧȥʱ̾ԼŮԵǶ
ǰͷ˻లο꽥ߣȥ֮ԽԽ
Բ֮ʱҲˡ



꣬÷ժϷƵ֬ʱүү÷ʯ԰રવ
̴ӳڻƸݵš÷Ҳǿɽ
үүҹһ¡÷Ŀ̴ͷСĵպ÷ʯ
ƢЦվؿǶݸ÷أճֲϴ㰡ʲ
ôϲ棬ⶫʲôġ

÷ʯŪƬ׼ҶүүͶԱµؿ
ǰмιõʯۣʯ̣׶೤һ׿
ˣֻʣһ÷һɵԲĥ˲ϾĴ룬«έ
ɱⵣͷϣ˸׺ɹɺ󣬾ͽⵣþᲦ
תˡ÷ؿţ˵ǰЩУװѿ
Сʱ򾭳棬ˣֻʣһСˡ÷ͷҲ̧רע
ķĲɵʣʲôʱѿ۵һѿͦÿ
ģϲеںܶ϶С֡÷û𻰣۾
ģʮ£űҶС˵䣺ܵ
ѧ棬ѪˡֻȵܴܵİȻܵе顣
÷ַ÷ضǰͷ÷̧ͷͷһЦŪĥ
÷ʲôš˺һ˵ЩҾʱ
ģʱûҸߣԹҲȥ飬ٵıýߴ
ݡЦֱȻš

÷ؿүү첻ֱĴ֣ƲЦˣҲŲųܴݣӦ
ɻĥġ÷ЦˣѾͷʱϸģһд
Ҫ򡣡ֱëֲŻÿѽҵľͲС
Ҫдĺÿѣˮţʬôȡ֣ʦ˵ĳϦ
ġϦȽϺãʱʡ⡣

ʦģϦ𣬽ľáдʱͼ죬ʲ
ôʱ򶼿档дʱҪ棬ƽֱдͻÿˡ

ıˣֻǱ裬۰Բһ˲
һ÷ȥһ÷֣ȥȥʲô
ġᶥ˻ͣܡ ÷Ҳ̾Ƿţáţ˯ͷţ
ʵƬݾͿɾųԣ겻㡣ţ˯˯һҲûϵǿ
ھܣûԣ˲ϸ׷ۡ

ɣһȥ棡δ䣬˳ݸˡ
ĸתҵƽպٻӻٳеһ룬
ûʱȥ˷Գд
뿪Ц˵ҪǼϱˡжӵļͥ
ͺϲϱЦŮĸĸһͻڣƽ
ʵرƤ£ƤһһĴ̶
ɱ˵СӲ´һ𣬾ͼ档˰úú
˼ҡһŮټɵúúġ
˸죬תһǧ˰ٸ䣬ȥҪ˵Ļ



浽÷ؼҾۺϣȥϺժǣִ
һȥƲǣǸӣп˻鿴ȥժ
͹ˣСͲ˰ɣ磬ߴ÷ؿߣ˺Ҳ
ܣҵĴһЩԳҴȥٷ
˸ճţӭԬʱŹվڹԣ÷ؾЦʣ
ˣүүڼ𣿡ԬʱЩɬЦ黹ˡ˵Ҫȥժ
ǡҲȥһûϺ￴δ˵꣬ʹ
ЦˣùժɲǺĵطˮô죿Ǽ
ˮ¡Ⱥ˵ɣղŻ˵СǣҸԬ
һ裬Եģ

÷ؿʱ岻ĵı飬Щ̣ĸ첲
˻Σҿֻ÷ȥɣ˭ҪʱͷѹţҶ
ϺľҲõġξҵĴԺ㻻ųţ˶
ֺ档÷سƬ̺ȻЦܾûһˣ٣ǰÿ궼
һȥġȥɡ̾찡һͷܰ
βˮ̫÷ָƲ˵ͷбµ
̫̱ˡʱӢס÷أˡҽ顣
Ķ־ʮʱûȢף˾ͱСøסЩ
־ϱ䣬úͺϧСü޵˾Ͳˣ
Ƣ꣬ȥĺӺܴˣСǱ߻û
˾СãҲܱȰȥСý·ͶԾˡ
˴ű˹ҪԼôߣþԼûԣ᲻
ɷ뺢ӾͲԸȥ˵ȥ⻹ҪٸһףΪ˺ҷ
ĿܾػӣǸָűĻ־˻ðҪ
Ǹӡ

ʱ´˰죬벻ⴾӵ仹飬
ֱǾᣬƽЩź˸ɳġ÷
ؿڹ״û硣ӢһۣϹ롣
һ˼˭ỻףǡȻ־úЩ̸Ļʣס
ˡһۣߣ㽫ȢϱҲ׵⡣
ģܼ޵ллˣ˵ųҵķȥ
ţ÷ǨʱںߡӢ˾䣺ժ㣡
ľˡӲģҲ֪ʲôͷÿ궼ժҴ¼


ʱСȵʯˣ·òþ˻ͼɫ죬ͷð
顣˽ң÷ﳵʱȥߵţʱ壺
زֵġҪˡ

ЦĿ÷죺ΪҲܡ˵ĹȻ
ġ˵гĺԬʱ壬áҡͷ߹ȥ
ÿ÷ص֣ɡɱǿˣһٺüʮأ㶼Ʋ
ġ

Ŵڴһͷմ˼ɫСӣЦ
˵ģһƬɻʱ÷شȤָɻӳ족רĶ
ź棬ʱ忴Ƴ÷أû÷ص¸ʡ
ۿʱһһٵػţڵҶĺ棬
״ҶҲڲס֦⴦ŵǣʱһȴ
һǣϲ÷أԭģ࣡קȴ
ȵضھϣѳ췺ɫҶȴдͣ÷ؽ
ϣЦ˵Ȼˡ岻Ȳ֡һṦ򣬿
˲٣СҲнľﻮ㣬ժ
ࡣʱ˵´ˣרժ⣺䣬֪¸
͸ˡ

ʱ˵ϧϧ÷Ȼ֣һժһŤʱ壺һҲϧ
ժˣͲˣµĶӡ䣬ϡһ
ָһѪð˳ʱæ˦һǸ
׽÷صָ۲ۣҪɣ֪عȶ䣬
Ҷϲδ³ôЦ÷˵ûû¡
ˮſ˴Ҳ˲١ֱŸϽؼҰɣժ
ףϴɾ̫ѡ

ؼң÷˴еǺŴӺʱ
ؼҡջ·Ƶظǰ÷һŸߵʷ
Ѽʰǡ㵷ȥƤˮƯ
ϴˣȻһ÷ǡ

÷ϻ飬ӾƳ÷أŰɣ
߳ԣඣԲЩӲõоûҧζáС
ĶЩȤѦʹѦʹ塷Ԫ
塷ţһһģҪ⣬Ųߣûһ˵Ҫڣ
´ҪҲˡҿ´λʲô

үү飺費衱÷ءߡһ
үүĻࡣЩҶûʲô˼ǣʱ仹
Ҫһ̫ˡԬʱȤҲûʲô
طСɣһҳˣ㶼Ҫҿ֪ˡ

÷ܲǻӡǰ˱Χǡҿ
˼顣÷˵ǻͨͦõԼǮ˱ÿÿ
ҲͿһߣͻõġ÷ͷ˵ǵ
ڱˡ÷Ȼ֪⻰Щյ۳ţӻ

÷ŮݵЦˣã
ףҶˡֻϣܺúö飬ϧ
ʱ⣬뿪ϺõҪ˵ϵûЩ˵İ
ҲôϲȻҪҲϲ͸á˵ͷװſ飬÷
ȴһ˿꣺ţүү㲻ȥ̯ˣȴ
ǿ˵ҳҲ뿪̫ԶҪʱ÷
÷سԺӣŷ飬Ŵ

÷ȻʱûʲôõĸоľٶΧ˿ʲô
ͷǸ̫顣ǸʱʱֻüȥԼ
Ժţʱ̼÷Ӱ£ʱⶼԸˣ
ȥժɸˡһãЩûûġ
Ҿһµġ

ĻڻδϣзΪ׵ĸһȺһܵΣ
·㣬ÿζҪѼеǮեɲͦŶӰ׶ȥ÷
÷ص֪ͨ飬ֺǺ߽ԺӣҼŮԺ˵ܳŮ״Ԫ
ءǣϵЦסз٬ק֪ͨ飺ѧѲ
һٶཨУѣǮѧҲ׼Ǯϲ˻ڣ
ԺСôѧܹ˴ģСġ÷ӶڵƵس̣
ŵӡȼߺ÷ʣ㵽׻ûר
ʲôأǮҲǵĸ

÷һû˭ô࣡һ룬һ
м¶÷ӳΪʦѧУ굱Сѧ
ʦҾ;úܺãҪʲôǮˡ㡪˵˵Źס

÷֪ͨ˺ӵϣҲٻǮˡŽ
ɡ˵ܳȥ÷֪ͨҲװ̴Ҳˡ
Լ뷨ˣ̫ǿҲѧһֱú
ãǰҲ飬ϧʱûѧܿˣ
ҲмпҪˣһһӡŮкһ˵ܵС
صļãĵҲã֪

ĳľԡھзֶӰ÷ҴԵ
磬˵ǽɴסԼҵ̫ķӹ⳯ǰŲߣ
ˮͿԸסˣԺǽؽߣˮĵطû÷Ƶ
ͣס÷ֻ̾ͷڵĻ
ǰҲͺģһȻһ˶̫

÷ӷһϼƣȭͷ˵еǵ׳Щ
㲻ǶӣźҲá߾˵߾е
̥ж̥ķޱһȥӢȥʱŮҽ
ȱ̫ˣȥɣעУ˾ǡ
Եҽ֮ĵĲ࣬Ӣˡ˵곤Ӣķ
͵ĻԻʱδμм졣ͬиСǿϱ
ûôˣм죬˸ʱⱻ׽ȥɥ
Ӣڸסе࣬˸ӡ

÷ƾ۳һ仨˼Ƭ̸ȡ÷
οӤֱɵۣԶͳһսߡֻǹ˼£
ЦҪԲӵȷԾܾŽɼѪԵ
ϵ׽ӴദŻ

֪ʲôԭҲûõʦ֪ͨҲӣȻߣֻ
ĵعԼ죬벻һ뵽ֻ
ʶŮͬѧķʱֺ첻ԼһɵԴƥ䡣

ʱ÷һٶֻС޼ЩʣСûճǵʱ
ɰˣ򴦳˼ӲӲëЩ챻һһת
ֲֻŪûóԺȵСйȾ
ȫǸ֪жຮס÷Ͽˣһ
ʮֻֻǸһȺöʳȳôЩ
СԺݵ£ԺӼʺ͹ˡ÷Ц
Ǵһ㣬쵽ˣұ֤ÿƷŵҰǳԳӺˡ
÷ŵǰȺˣյǮúȥҽԺһ飬ܿ
ԣ̿Ⱥ̫һҹ꺹зոУ˵Խ˯
ԽЩƺȫ˵⡣

ׯڹϥʱ÷Ȼʳԣÿ糿ЩȥϽ
żʧ˼ֻЩشΪΪ
ɼʳԼǶôҪġ

÷Χʯ׽СιԼϲһֻС׼ֻ
Сѩ׶ϲȥÿ֮ϲڼöʳȻ
ЩٵͬǣһֱģԶʳ׳÷
Ա߳ŲӴϺڱϻ飬żӾ濴÷غֻС׼
üëϸߡ÷ڴżϲ·һ̫
̫һձͷȻſڡͷñӳ£ɫ
ӣѰһȣϮˡͷʣʡӻ
Ǿʱķӣ¶еζҲ統ꡣ

÷סˣ÷վ𣺡ǡ촽ţ
鶸Ȼ¡÷ضʯĵؿšͷ촽ס
¶˳ɻȴִϲؿ÷ǲ磿÷
׻˰˵ס˨֣˫յֲͣض
δë˥İʮȥˡʱ̫Ƿ
ӣȡ֧ŵ÷ذĵϣ·ϵĳҪǿ
ƨһ˨˿÷ʣǣ÷˵Ů˨ƵƵ
ͷֲءüۼ䵹мССʱءСҲʮ
üඡ

÷̾ڣɲʮˡ˨ϸʺ󲻶ҡͷ̾Ϣ
÷ҡҡͷڰ֡˨˵ȥд˷ŸҦԶźǲ
֣Լֲʶ֣ŷᾡû鷳дˡ÷
ؽݶˮϷ򸾣˨ӹһǼˮ˵Ҳ
ţô꣬ЩҶμԺӣʱһˡ
˽ӹϸȦһֵݸ÷ء÷͵
ˣȥԶɣһֱûˡҲ֪⼸ʮ
ûӣҲûչ˺ЩҲü
屣ԺɶܡŮͼ˼ң˺üء
ˡЩҲ˵ˡ

ȥԶң÷̾Ҳû
ӶߵģţҲʾ䣬жûܳ
ɼ𡣡÷Ҳʲ̫̫ʣˮ㵹ʯߡ

ҦԶ˨ֹס˨ͳ־ݸ˳㿴˿
̫̫ɫǴ˨סһңߵʱҦԶ͵ڵĳվ
˨еʱַ˶ǰУಽظں档˨һţ
˵һǵˣҦԶиã͵͵˸ӡ
ȻûҲǰܻ˷ŷ磬ܴ裬Ǳ˸ߣ
ĳˣ磬ҲҪЩνˡ

÷ŵֶģҦԶеĿⶢţ޲Щܷ
ĳ÷ժϻ˲ִϣͷ˵ȫ
ˣ;вʣȵͣףʰˬٻ
ҦԶ⼸仰ȻζñȼյľͷЩˮ
ûˣȴ̵ð̣Ǻһۿˮ飬ųؽŲ
ˡ

үһ·˷ܲѣÿ컻ŴһȺŵʽ
ɵºгĺܡüɫظ÷أү˵´λ
һЩΡϣÿ궼ܻһȹ껹֡

˨ûӵţûסд˷ŸҦԶң
֮Ůŷ磬֪ܶΪҦԶĸĸţֵ
ҲѲ룬ҦԶֶӶմ˸ӣ겻类ҹ
һ˵һ˶Ըӣܾ˿࣬һ˿
һͷ£ΪϲԼȢӣһҲû顣
ΪǾţŮƽ᲻֪ɡ϶رգ
һģ֪˲Ǻǵġ

˨ȴԴƺף˹Щ꣬½ȥż֮
Сδʱȥ˰ΣҲû
ȥһǾ̨ﲻƣͷû·ѣҲûʲôǮȥ˵
⻨Ǯ˼ѧϵͷʮԪϵͷ
ŸáҦԶ֪ǴһԭɷҲԭ
ʱԼ֮ȣһж΢

֪ιʣҵ˼䣬ҵԲҹ
ԶԶģ˶ӣ֪Ұ֣ᣬһӲ
ĻӾǸõġ һίҪ칬
ˡšӵҲͣˣöӸϿҵǸ
˭֪Ȼҵ˵Ļ̧һƣҵ˹ȥץ
ֱһ˦˸աѹɤӣϻ쵰˵Ҫ
һ

ŶܵҦԶʸҦԶûֻ˵š
ΪԼ͵ܵǱԴǰΪϴҪൣ
ס죬ԽԽҦԶ͵͵ﵽŮң
ѺӽӻȥŮҵ˳ԳһҲ
ŮˮڴϺšҦԶȱû
ŵŮ˵ѿϻҲҶ˦ǽؼ
ҦԶԾ˲ʵ飬ùŮߣ̨˨Ǻʹ
ӣⱲӵĿõױꡣӢȥҦԶˮ
ֹȥֻ̫̫¥׿ޣ˽ԵɾҪȥȰ⡣

Ӣ˼ֻ²˺Ӵȥ˷ק裬Ӳˮ
ԡЩҲѰֻؿһ˳£ûԷ
٣ĵԸȴǿֻҪҵúһ£
ҵҲĵŻе¶ĸϹġ

Ǹ֣һٲԶûţûԶҲűг
кȵԼʲộԼǼӶû
һȥ÷Ϳޣǿͷڣ¾û
вķޡҺӣͷҾͷҪˣҲǻ
µġСתӣ˵㶫´ʰ޼
ҵҲ˼˵ùͷˣšԴϿⲻ֪
ˡ

æ÷ƺˣһȦԵø߻λεġ죬
÷Ƥڴëд÷֣ϸװءһʮ
ӣýڴڼſڵ·ԣȶͳһ
װһ󣬾ͿԲͣӴ˰졣÷ؼ״æ˱
Ͳүүһ̧ʣµļ÷ѹԼǰŲ÷
ˣүүҳеס㶼ʮˣ˰ɡǼһ
ɡ÷ЦЦҲܶ˵ڻܸɶң
ҲĲ̫ˣҷֿҹɣҺ̶ϲ㿴Ǹ
ɶʱԷͳԣһˣһǨͺܱŤ

컹δ÷һ󼦵Ĺýͷ÷
ȥ÷ҹʱһᣬս磬磬
˯һᣬͰȥܼ˽Уǵúúõãû¡
һӶûˡ÷Ƶس̣÷ϱԹ䣬
̶ֲ˵ְֻοҲû˷ѶʳǷ㲻ٿ
ǺúЩõι÷һ춼û˵

СͬʱʧٵĻ



һʢʱҧѴʱ÷ӼСȥϺͶ
峿ȥգա̫Ķϵ
ţһּۻۺӴһСζʮ鳮Ʊؼҡ
ʱڣ÷ҳҲţѧؼҰԶԶһӣߣ
ʱٻèСϺǵĴ껨èУŤ
ŷֵ壬ʱòӲСȣ֮¡Ҳȫ
ΪǿڳԵġ

ֻè˵ܲϲҳÿϴȴ÷ؿ־Ľ
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ޡһ峿÷ڴϣץèȥһˡ
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ȥɣҳεȵҹס˯ˡ

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÷ͬ˯Դ˷èûŹΧڼҳʱҲ
۾ΧлҲٳȥϴˡ

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˵÷ؿè鴤˵ܳ˭ҵҩˡҳ
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ǣ֪ԭίԵش˼ҳμƣèˣιֻʲ
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ѻʯЩͷˣչһƬǽߵɣ
ˡӢ鿳һãԺܷɹԺ
ӸɵҲЩ÷Ҳ˵÷ȴǲ̣ٶ೤ɣ
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ζˡҿС=߽㣬СȻɬģЩ̫ˡ

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˳£Էָͼε죬տڵһ
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һ𡣡÷ذ̾ҵĽ㣬ʲôȴԼȥ
㿼ǣԸʹĸо ҪĸĽǶ⣬ѹ
Լԡ

ٿǮ·䡣˵ĸױ
ȥ÷ȥϹ˸ռǣһ÷أԼ
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ҲҪϲ㿴зǸĻ

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ΡҲ֪͵ˣۡǮ͹˵ⲡ
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Ҫؼң˵ԼúõģǻôܸƤ⿴βжš÷
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ſ֣϶˵һ䣬ٵӣ÷һˣ
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һһġ÷̧ͷСأˡһүү
ˡ̫̾ȥˣǼˡҵȲ
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÷ؾذֽһ㣬Աүүһֱλддˣ÷
ȥյΧڼҵĴҲ÷дд졣
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ҪڳӰ࣬һʮСʱѳɹԣܵǮȥǮ
Ҳֲһɲӹúܿܿ졣



ȵһ֪˵Ľζرࡣз紵Ϻ
ˬ˷ܵҪȥ֪˵׳档÷Цоûضʹˣ 
ȥǶˣøװͺˣҪ첻
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˵

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ҡҲ˵ʲôرĻ۾ȴȵĹ⣺űҵ
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Ūˣۡͷ߬ģųжȡ˵ãԺɱ
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ҲЪЪɣˬˣݲġ㶼δ䣬÷
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÷ƶ죬̧ͷϵĻƶơʱȻʲôܰ
ù÷أֻǧҲ룬
о졭,ƺϲá

Ϧֻһк죬ƲҲϺƵɴһʣϸղ΢
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ӦǺʱˣڿʱ򣬻ԳأֲȣǺʱ


÷ؿ£ǵʱͰָȥҪһ
˵Сûֵۡˮˣۡڶ־Ÿɡ
ʱϸָϧ˵ô֣濴ܹô
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Сϰˣǻʱձɹĵ룬︸ĸɻ
ÿũæٵʱидκľ׿ˣ
ֲҵշˡϵũ庢мѧĺӿɶˣ
ýҲϲ𣬲ɵЩѧͬѧĸ߿
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ԭιģһμ尾ټתøȻ˲١ʱ䵹
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ʮǮѴ˵࣬鳤ࡣƼģְҲֵöࡣ
иˡǸ갡ؾǺ

죬ؾסһдǿаָ÷˵
˵ʱ䡣ĻؾָʲôӼ浽
Ǽһֱżӣ븩ӻؾ꣬λؾһֱģֺ
ҹ󣬸ĵЩĪԽУֺ
ǻԵɺϣϲĻ

ؾؼҺǼ켫ܿɷȷк󣬸ǲø
ÿθŶӺƶıĽغ޲ӵ
£ﵷһŮ󣬻ؾÿֹͳ̥
ءʹֵ˵ƨϲҲп飿Ŵҵ
ؾ귺һģ÷ˣԼ˯ˣ
޷ͬôߣÿû˵
Ҳǿ˼Σʱ򣬸һ죬Ȼؾһ
ŲʱҲСͷ̾Ϣˡ˼ΣӸήˣ
Ǿ䵭ҲãЩʿһҸ㣬ŪñӸҡô
ˣ˳ѹȣ˹̶úͲ̶ʶ

ʮ

ǻƳϣ⳵·нֵʱ÷ظ˳
ֵĽϣԽԵù¶˳˺УĿĵţߵǰҲ֧
סһƨʯϣİĹӰڹԬʱ
ӡˣˣĵطĵȴðˣи
ָŮҪҪ÷ûŰŤŤȥ
и˹ʵone night stand?÷ؾü
æסĵط

ƿţ֥ѹɳϣ÷ؽŲæ
ȥˣһ˻ıӰǿͷڹɹһ㣬
ϸȷ·֯͵ëë㣬յֵһ
ŮӦںܻˣе׼ʱһٻȥ
ִеİ崲֪֨֨ʱ壬ô˵Ĳ
֥˲ҲǹⰻȻģ÷ôһ˲;Լ
ļֺܺЦ糿֥Ѵ೵У֥ͿĨһ
Ҳҡڳˡ÷ضžӰüëϴ꣺㣬ɲˣ
ǰȻҲǿԼиȫ·ΪʱԶ
ɽˮ

ʱԼӼ칫ʱ÷س˿ѵ滻۵
ƺʱССӰ˺ߵͰ
ɨĻư̲õӸģʱҳʵñȽ˽÷Ц
ЦͲˡ

СĲг÷ָһѵĲ㣺Ҫֱ۱ץסˣ
ŤͷưЦѽص࣬°໹ҪԼ
˵ġ÷ڨڨû취ҪԷġ

ʰɾ󣬻ư÷վţȥ·ϣư߶
˵ҪԼھӵĶӽܸ÷أӣӲǨף
Բصġ÷ذҽ⣬ȴЦ˵ҿ˵Ľ
ˣĺʲء

ư̿ڽӵô˵ж٣
ѡǶѧҲõˡ

ʱݵؽ÷ʢ
ó꣬˳֥û˵ˣ˳ְԼķŹˡ

˵һ˻ôζ

÷أôأʱ۵öˡС¶Ǯ

ٵĿӷ£һءҺΪֿ
ˡҷӰѺһܵһǧ顣

÷˵Ҹշ˹ʣûģȥúˡֻô
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٣ٺȥҲûҺۡϰǮ°໹ź
ãǰЩ͵£ȻһŮ˵׼顣Ůǵصģ
λĲŮзӡ˵һҲӣ뵢ҡ
Ҳں

÷¿ӣ˵һ͵÷ˡ̫ѹˣһ
òŻ֡

Ƶأںͬӣѵıķ籣ķ
Ǯô죿Ҷû˻Ҫˡ

÷ػع񣺡ô˵˭Ȣ㶼Ǹ

Ʊϵľƿף˵Щ˳˹˾ʶ
ˣˡ

÷Ц˵飿ҵ飬úǮ

ٲΪȻ˵ҵǸҡǮҲ̫ˣ
ձҵģﶼһѲǡѹ󣬸ַպһˡ
ŮģԼģΪʲô͵ŮĶӣ

÷̾ƫƫҲںֻҪҲҵġѧ⼸꣬
Ҹĸ̫̫࣬ȥʦôˣֶҷݺڵĹ
ѡҼҺ̫ˣְŪƣⲻæ
ԽӼ㡣ҪҶǵλͷлҪҪ

ٷ¿ӣƿ룺ӼʲôǵһжǸ׼ģ
Ҫġ⼸һȥԱʦơһǲϲ
СϵһͷΧµ̫ࡣ

׾Ͱµȣ÷Сʱˣ˵
ķڹ۲Ҳܡư̺Сӽʱ÷Ѱ˼
ĵػҲҪףСӸӹߣɫĳɫĿӣ
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÷ص׺зֻҪ˱ȣưָ÷أһ
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ĸסһ׸ʽ¥ﻹ׳ⷿپú⡣鲻࣬
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ٻص÷صס˵ɳһɣ۰ۣ˶༸
ӣĲΪǰǲߣ뿪˭Ҫġ

÷ؿЦ㡣˼˵𣿡

˵ءʧˣа˵ã
ɱ˵Ż֥ų˵µˮཻ30
顣ߵӷ12顣

÷˵ˮ粻һһô

֥ˮˡ

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ÿܶ𣿡

ֺ֥İǵ΢죺ķӣ涨Һ
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÷سĬ룬˵ǰһѺ۰ɡ¸Ұߡ

֥ۺô죬½ȥˡ

÷ػطڵӷȻһкȻζҲβ
ƤڹƤҲҲãסһûìˡ

˰ɣҿɲʧȥһѡ˵ŻͷһתʵŮҲ
ףһ²һǧࡣϸ׼סľֻ˵ӵŮ
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أõó̫סһ£ҲνŴ
죬ȻҪཻҲѿȻʲô
СӺһҲûУٹ𶯻˼
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ˣг⳵һƷ

ദ󣬺顣ٺͺȥһɴգ
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󣬻ң迴Ů˳۶ˣþƺòһд 
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ȥɴϷϰ⣬÷Сָ˻Σǲʲô
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ֹͣ׽˶٣쵽ôˣҪȥҽԺ

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첻ȥǱ߳Էˡáĩҵûϼһˡֻȥʲ
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ȥүүɡ÷óǮԥ³ţʣµĵݸ 

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սݣſǽĴŵΣͷ˶֡


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