                          ˿µϣ20090103գ

09.01.03, ʳƷȫ֪ʶϵʴһʳƷӼ
09.01.03, ֹͨԺʿˮƽ
09.01.03, ԡNȫְְλĹԺԺʿʤ
09.01.03, ¡˺ĵλ֤ݡ
09.01.03, ̇̇̇̇˺ĵϼ
09.01.03, ˮ˵˵˽Ͼоɽ
09.01.03, ɡǽͪ
09.01.03, ttaobaoҽҪ
09.01.03, ʯ֤ҲˡǷҲǷ
09.01.03, eddie˶ǡġ
09.01.03, ¡ĲĽ͡
09.01.03, ١ȱѧ˼ά޷ָȻѧо
09.01.03, ѧš˫ܿת

˿(www.xys.org)(xys3.dxiong.com)(www.xysforum.org)(xys2.dropin.org)

ʳƷȫ֪ʶϵʴһʳƷӼ

֪ʶϵʴӦSEE̬ЭƸ룬ɷ
֯ʡ̫ϵˣݽרҵϱдġʴ漰ԡ
סеճĸ棬ҪҲдһʳƷȫйص
ʴ䱾ΪSEEд塱ṩزġʴ200ÿ
10صʴ

SEEд塱¼

http://blog.tianya.cn/blogger/post_show.asp?idWriter=0&Key=0&BlogID=14516&PostID=15918975

ϵʴİȨ˵

http://blog.tianya.cn/blogger/post_show.asp?idWriter=0&Key=0&BlogID=14516&PostID=15887310


ʣˡյ족ʳƷлɫضк

𣺡յ족һֶԽϴĻȾϣδ׼ΪʳƷʹá
ʳƷʹõɫسΪʳɫءʳɫرӪֵҲ
ʳζڸУֻԸʳƷȾɫԵÿ
ʳɫձϡѩ⡢ǹ㡢۽ϡ
ȡͷʳƷʳɫذȻɫغͺϳɫءȻɫǴֲ
΢ȡɫأȶԲɫ۸ϸߣʹõòࡣʹ
϶ǺϳɫءйʳƷʹõĺϳɫؽϳ֬졢Ȳ
졢޺졢ջ졢ơʻơȡ

ϳɫشúΪԭƳɵżȾϣʹʳɫ
ʹãҲδؾͶ޺еľʵ鷢ֿ°
֬졢Ȳ˺졢޺졢ջ졢ƣеܼߵĲ飬е
ܵ¹еͯĻȡЩϳɫһЩұã
ʳƷҩƷ֣FDAֹʹ֬졢Ȳ˺졢޺죬Ųֹ
ʹкϳɫءơơԺ졢ջ졢ʻơ֬
ɫرܵ¶ͯȣӢʳƷ׼֣FSA20084
ʳƷҵ2009ʱԸֹͣʹЩɫء

ɫضûκ洦кӦþʳúɫص
ʳƷرҪעЩɫʳƷζɫسꡣ

http://www.food.gov.uk/news/newsarchive/2008/apr/coloursadvice

дӣ


ʣǾصζǷк

Ǿڱǰ׳ƣг۵ƷǾΣ
ơǾǵһζζǵĴԼ300ζǣ
ûӪֵǱ˺ܶ࣬ձϡʳƷȡ
1977꣬ʵǾշװһ
ǾʳƷҩƷ֣FDAҲǾ⵽ᷴ
ԣͨһ鰸ӻãΪǾʳƷǾ°ľ档
Ǿ˸оеķշð֢еûܷ֡оҲ
ʱǾð֢ķա1991FDAʽ
Ǿ顣2000һѧо齫Ǿ°
ȥһҲͨҪǾ°ľ档
֯Ĺʰ֢оΪ㹻֤ݱǾʹʵ鶯
֢շ֢Ļ࣬㹻֤ݱǾΪζ
ʹʱ°˲ǾΪ°

һ͵ζ1991ڼôг
תģζǵĴԼ600ζƣFDA
1998׼֮ǰ110ʵݣδܷշ
ֳ֢ϵͳϵͳȷĶԣΪǰȫġ2006
շƫͷʹ

һֳõζǰ˹ζأμʹ
õĴǷ𺦽

http://www.inchem.org/documents/iarc/vol73/73-19.html
http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~lrd/fr980403.html
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/118608554/abstract

дӣ


ʣʹõĴǷ𺦽

ɿڿֹ˾ĵֻ϶дǡ˹
ζأʳƷҩƷ֣FDA1983׼˹̼ϣ
1993׼ϡʳ͸㣬1996׼ʳŷˡ
֯Ϲũ֯Ҳ׼˹ʹáFDA԰˹ÿ
ȡ趨Ϊÿ50ˡڰ˹𾭹ɽɱ
ᣬ֢ͪһֺŴ߲ܳԱᣬFDAҪ
󺬰˹ʳбᡱ

˹ʹôһʼ飬Щ鵽ҲûһЩ
ʵð˹ܹӰѪܰͰķʣFDAΪЩʵ
ơ͸涼ȱݡо˹޺
2006Ұ֢оĶ47˵о˹ʹ
ѪܰͰķʲԡ

ԭϿʳƷеİ˹ܶΣĿԺС˹
ڱֽɱᡢŶͼ״бᡢŶ
ɵʵİᣬ⡢ʳƷͷУ京ҪȰ˹ߵ
ֻ࣬ҪǱ֢ͪߣ뵣ġڼ״Լɴɵļȩ
һпܶΣģɰ˹ļ״ȩĺ
٣Ȳˮͷеļ״ȩлҲ
״ȩ΢ļ״ȩԸˡǴ밢˹
ûбҪġһƿ޵ִԼ180˰˹𣬶һ
50˵Ҫһ14ƿŻﵽFDA

http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/cgi/content/full/15/9/1654

дӣ


ʣʳƷк

𣺶ҪñʳƷʹ÷бҪġ΢
Ļֹʳܱ︯ʣӳʳƷıڡʹ÷ʳ
һܱʣ΢Ķطܶ彡ɸΣõ
ʳƷơᡢɽȡ

һƷƷķͻɫⶾ˾
ⶾ˾жһĶԣڷƣ
ԼΪÿǧ180ˣǶѧָָ꣬ܵһ
ʵԽԽǿʳεİ3600/ǧˣ
Ժȵ£еİᷴӦ°᰷

ֳưϢᣬǴӰϢڵ֬ȡġ
ùĸĳЩϸι㷺ʳƷϵ
̬κʽ㷺ȻУֲر
ﶼУ˱ȻʳҲڡĶԽϵͣ
ԼΪ1700/ǧˡеıάCӦ°ﱽ
رȺ͹յ¸׷Ӧܵ¶ͯȡ

ɽֳƻᣬǴŷ޻鱵Ľȡġùĸ
ȶĳЩϸοɹ㷺ʳƷЧ
ȱǿɽĶԺܵͣΪ7360/ǧˡɽ
һֲ֬ᣬѸٱֽɶ̼ˮĿǰδɽ
ӦıɽȱĶԵ͡Чãȡᣬ
ΪɽϹ󣬹ҵΪ˽ͳɱȻձʹñᡣ

дӣ


ʣζǷ𺦽

ζǹȰƵ׳ơȰǹɵʵ20ְ֮һ㷺
ʳСȰڵʱûζģĹȰܴ
ϵİ壬ӶǸеζ֭͡
ʳ֮˾ΪĹȰᡣζõζõ
ۡǵԭϷġ

19684£ڡӢҽѧ־˵ڳ˷ζвͺһ
ʱڻеľɴǶζǷкĹע1986
꣬ʳƷҩƷַı϶ζһ㹫ڲΣգǶĳ
Щ˿ܻжʱķӦ1987꣬Ϲũ֯֯ɵ
ίԱὫζΪȫʳƷɷ֡1991꣬ŷ޹ͬʳѧίԱҲ
ζΪȫʳɷ֣ƿɽܵ

2002꣬ձоԱ˵ĹȰƣʳм10
20ĴȰƣᵼ۾йȰẬӺĤϸĲ䣬
õĹȰƽõʮϡʵ
ζܴʹʵ鶯ʳӵص·֡2008꣬оԱ
752йũĵζ˷ֵļǲζ
˵Ľ3

http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0014483502920178
http://www.nature.com/oby/journal/v16/n8/full/oby2008274a.html

дӣ


ʣǲһȻĵζƷ

˵ζԽк˼ζΪһ
ӼȡȻζƷԸʵĳɷζͬ
ζǹȰƵ׳ƣĳɷ90ϾǹȰƣʣµĲ10
ʼʳΡǡۡϡζ㾫ȡмǴӼ
ȡ֭Һӹɵģζܶ࣬˼ڼеĺǳ٣
ļۣȫ˹ϳɵļζ㾫ȡһֻѧ
Ϊ˫(2-׻-3-߻ૻ)ѵ㻯;ҳζ

ζõۡǵԭϷģʵǡȻĵζƷ
˹ϳɵĳɷ֡Ŀǰ֤ݱζһ˵ĽΣ
֮ζкĻôζΪҪɷֵļҲкġڼ
һָϵζɷֱζӣɷ֣Խķշ
һЩ

дӣ


ʣ̾ţûʲôΣ

гϳ۵̲裨硰̲衱Ϊ˽ͳɱ󲿷ֲ
ţ̷̺ģʵá̾ҳζǾζ
ɫءۡ顱ľۣټϱˮҡȾͳ̲衣
̾ͺȿȼӵġȰ¡ͬһƷ̾Ȼһ̡֣
ʵţ޹ءֲֳ֬ĩĩۣ֬֬Ծ⻯ֲͺͶ
ʳƷΪԭģҪɷְ⻯ֲ͡ˮ
ơ㾫黯ȡ⻯ֲͺ2075

ֲͨڲ֬ᣬ棬ǲȶױ档Ϊ
˱ڱ棬ֲͨһ¶Ⱥѹ¸಻֬ԭӣ
ͱ⻯ֲͣȽȶӳڡõ⻯ֲ
ڷʽ֬ᣬʽ֬ڱ֬ᣬǶԽΣȱ
֬ỹҪΣӻѪܼļʣݹÿ3
10ʳ÷ʽ֬ಡʽ֬ỹӻ֢
մ򲡡ι𺦡֡ȷաͨΪʽ֬
һղӦ2ˣһ̲ķʽ֬һᳬɡ
㡢ըըȿʳƷ濾ʳƷҲзʽ֬ᡣ

дӣ


ʣעصţµţ̻᲻彡к

еţȻţأֱӻӵӰ쵽١
֯رǣܴ̼һּءȵ1
IGF-1ܴ̼٣ţ̵Ҫˣ
ţעţأţ̵ĲȻţعڰţ
ʹõͨ򹤳̷ţأɷ֡Ȼţ
û1994꣬ʳƷҩƷ׼עţص
ṩţ̲

ţк΢ţأעţصţµţ̣
صĺδӡزȣðţ
90ػʧȥԡһֵʣڷڱ
ؽڣ˱ͨעܷãڷЧ
ңţغкܴ𣬼ʹţؽ壬Ҳ
صáЩԭ򣬿϶ţеز
彡в

ţҲ΢IGF-1עţصţµţIGF-1
ĺðʹIGF-1ʧţIGF-1IGF-1
ȫͬоѪҺIGF-1ӻշְ֢
˵ĺţ̻ӻ֢ķաʵ˵θѺ
ڵIGF-1ţеIGF-1ߵöࡣ1.5ţеIGF-1
ÿڵθеIGF-12ÿԼIGF-1
0.1˼ÿ1.5ţ̣ţеIGF-1
ڣӰҲ΢΢οIGF-1Ҳһֵʣͨ
»ڱؽ塣

ˣţеغ΢IGF-1彡ûΣǻţ
еһ

http://www.monsantodairy.com/about/human_safety/FAO.pdf

дӣ


ʣ⾫᲻к

𣺡⾫޵׳ơԭһƽҩ
֧ʹϢ֧סΪӼʳ
úڴллٽʺϳɣ֬תͷֽ⣬
ʣ˱Ϊ⾫Ҫдʹãҩ10
ϣܴﵽʵЧڼʹõʱ䳤л
⾫ڵĲܴ󣬶ڡ⾫ȶҪ172
Żֽ⣬һļͥ޷ƻĶԣʳûжͷΡ
ġֽŲļ¼ɲ룬ͣ»û
׼ΪӼǹһЩΪʹⲻ
ʱ죬Υӡ⾫ڶη⾫
ж¼20069£Ϻ300ʳá⾫
ж200810£ݷ5ʳú⾫ж
11㽭һҵ70Ժ⾫ĺж

һֽ˶ͰҩڳΪ⾫ĺϷ
Ʒ͡⾫ͬ˶ͰļСÿ4.518
˶Ͱʡ˶ͰڵĴлܿ
ι797˶ͰѴ򡢷ųͣĶ
Ҳǳͣÿص67΢ʱδ۲쵽вӰ
죩1999ʳƷҩƷ׼˶ͰΪӼʹã
еĲɳ50ppb1ppb=10ڷ֮һĿǰ20ʹ
˶Ͱйұֹʹá֯˶
ͰеĲɳ40ppb

дӣ


ʣʳӡ׾ûʲôӪֵûʲô

𣺡׾ǺϷʳƷӼǲð䵰ʵĻ
ԭϻϣκӪֵ˹ұ׼©ݹұ
׼ڲⶨʳеĵʺʱõǿ϶ַͨƷ
ͷеĵԪأĺٻɵʺΪ£
ʳҪɷֻеʺеЩߵлͿƭ
ð䵰ʣڱӦúнϸߵ׺ʳƷƷ
ƷСõġ׾ǻԭ谷谷
66.6%ĵ͵ӵʳƷУÿʽ⵰ʺʱ
ͻ谷еĵҲ˵ʺ鱨˵ʺ

谷ںܱлǴҺԭųǣʵ
ιʳ谷ܳ谷ΪҪɷֵʯ׽ʯ
շװ2007꣬йڵĳʳƷ˥
ΪʳƷл谷µġ2008й¹
䷽̷ۡӤʯ¼Ҳ谷

谷Ϊԭϣ㷺֬ϡͿϣܴӾۺ΢
ʳƷװпܴӻܵ谷
΢ȾʳƷҩƷӤ̷⣬ÿڰ
֮2.5΢谷ΣȻⲢζʳ
١谷ΪһֶкĻʣ΢Ҳܹӵʳ
ƷС

дӣ


ʣ׷ۡûʲôӪֵֵ

𣺡׷ۡ͡׾ͬĵʣһֱ
Ӫأ˵׷һӪֵûбҪԵ׷䵰ʡ
ÿҪĵʵ࣬Լһһǧز0.8
ʡʳ˵Ѵﵽÿ춼Եţ̡
⡢ЩʵʳƷôǲ̫ܻȱʵġΪȱ
ӪģһֻڲǡĽʳʳƶ˿УԵ𱣽
Ʒ˲ⷽĹǡ

ԼȱʣôԵ׷Ҳĳ
ƷƵĵ׷۵ĳԷÿһΣÿγ10ˣ䵰ʺΪ80Ҳ
8ˣ൱ںһ250ţĵʵ۸ȴţ̵
ʹֻһҲɲԼ6˵ʡ

Ե׷۲ھϻӪҲгϵĵ׷۴
Ӵȡģ󶹵ײƷõĵʣȲϼţ̵
ʡԸߵʳ˲䵰ʣͬʱӪأЩǳ
׷еġţ̿ɲƺͶάأԼɲά
أܲѪܽкôĲ֬ᣬܲԴ
Ʒ̣ܲ䲻֬ᡢάءʺάءɼ
ʹǳԴƷҲҪȳԵ׷۸彡ھҲöࡣ

ҲǶƵġ뵰ʹԸࡢɸ
ʹڵĸʧ𺦹

дӣ



(XYS20090103)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys3.dxiong.com)(www.xysforum.org)(xys2.dropin.org)

ͨԺʿˮƽ

ߣֹ

ݽѽ¶ԺʿεоСڹʡڶҽѧ
־ϲȡԡʵݡһͶֶΣνġѧġ13
ƪУΪһƪһЩ
ǸоСĵĵ¹NSAҩѧ־ҩѧ־Ӣ
Ʒоҩͨȹǡѧթ
ΪЩѷѧġɾ׷䷨εȨ
һʵʩѱУ

ÿһʷһ澵ӡ

ϵ춨Ժʿҽȡʵо1978ʵ
пʼöļϸ۲쵽ļ㵱ɷ´½
ҽļϸѵ࣬ļܼļ
1936е¡ҹʮҲʼӦϸʵо
60ʮֹ㷺ֻ绥ͨȡ
ΪҽӦļʵкܴƳɷ֡1956
ҵԷҽԺҽơСѧ47Ĺйѧ 
230 ƪÿƽ5ƪÿһƪ£Դʵо˵Ǻ
ѵ£ܷģ¶ʵܲ˻
ɡ

Ҳ2003Ժʿ˿˷֣
Уƪһֻǲμӻ鷢ժҪ֮ν£Ҳ
УͿɿԺʿΣ

йԺʿҿƼһ۰ٱӦڿѧ
дԳɾͣԺʿʲô¸ѧʶԨʵͿѧ
ϽıʡԺʿˮƽˣܲù˸е졣   

(XYS20090103)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys3.dxiong.com)(www.xysforum.org)(xys2.dropin.org)

NȫְְλĹԺԺʿʤ

ߣ

йԺԺʿѡҪѡˡƷж֪ԺԺʿ
ʤNλȫְǷƷжЩλõĲƵı
Ƿ񶼺Ϸ˰ˣܹҵĿǰȫְĵλؽ
ӣ

1пԺϺ﹤ооԱ
http://www.casb.cn/recai_1.asp

2.пԺ＼о
http://www.dicp.ac.cn/chinesevers/lab/lab18.htm

3Ϻͨѧϵͳѧоϵͳҽѧоѧί
ΡϺͨѧоػصʵѧίԱΡ
http://www.sjtu.edu.cn/teachers/2007/0901/52.html

4. մѧѧѧԺԺ
http://smkx.ujs.edu.cn/sz/szshow.asp?ArticleID=158

6. ѧѧԺԺ
http://www.ecust.edu.cn/s/2/t/6/a/2316/info.jspy

5. ʦѧڡhttp://home.htu.cn/shengwu/show.asp?id=68

ļְͲһһˡϢʾйԺҽҩ
ѧΣйԺϯųԱƸΪпԺ＼רίԱ
ίԱпԺҩרίԱḱίԱҡ863＼רίԱ
ίԱϺпƼרѯίԱȵȡͲΪʲôô൥λ
Ƹˡ

(XYS20090103)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys3.dxiong.com)(www.xysforum.org)(xys2.dropin.org)

˺ĵλ֤

ߣ

£ùȸͣУգ£ͣţĵĳǿ¿һµ
Ľںʦѧ߽,𾪡
µĵһߵλΪʦѧһ߶ûںʦ
ѧϰҪ֪һƪӣã¿Եöٽ𣬶֤ݾ
ϢӦǿŵġϣйزԹעμ۲

վˣhttp://orclinux.creighton.edu/

ַ£
1: Liu YJ, Liu XH, Lei SF, Li MX, Deng HW.
Alpha2-HS glycoprotein gene is associated with bone size at the 
hip in Chinese.
Yi Chuan Xue Bao. 2005 Nov;32(11):1128-35.
PMID: 16318278 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

עLiu YJ, ȫΪYong-Jun Liu. 2001꣱µ˺ʵҶ2005
Creightonѧʿҵ 
( http://orclinux.creighton.edu/students.html#students )ɲμ
http://www.soph.uab.edu/Statgenetics/People/YLiu/YLiuCV.pdfΪ
ѧڡhttp://ortho.umkc.edu/tmc.htm·ҳɼ

2: Dvornyk V, Liu PY, Long JR, Zhang YY, Lei SF, Recker RR, Deng HW.
Contribution of genotype and ethnicity to bone mineral density 
variation in Caucasians and Chinese: a test for five candidate genes 
for bone mass.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2005 Aug 5;118(15):1235-44.
PMID: 16117875 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

עDvornyk V2001꣹µCreightonѧ˺ʵҹ
http://orclinux.creighton.edu/Dvornyk.html ΪKentѧڡ
http://einside.kent.edu/?type=art&id=4739& ְ»
ƬΪ䱾ˡ http://einside.kent.edu/?type=art&id=80628&

3: Li JL, Li MX, Deng HY, Duffy PE, Deng HW.
PhD: a web database application for phenotype data management.
Bioinformatics. 2005 Aug 15;21(16):3443-4. Epub 2005 Jun 28.
PMID: 15985495 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

עJin-Long Li; ݲΪ˺÷Ϊ˿ŵӣдȷϡ
·ǿ֪ûںʦ󹩹ְ·ʱְSeattle 
Biomedical Research Institute,

http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/bti557v1

4: Liu PY, Li YM, Li MX, Malkin I, Qin YJ, Chen XD, Liu YJ, Deng HW.
Lack of evidence for a major gene in the Mendelian transmission of 
BMI in Chinese.
Obes Res. 2004 Dec;12(12):1967-73.
PMID: 15687398 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

עPeng-Yuan Liu. 2002격ʿҵŴרҵʦ 
(http://res4.nlc.gov.cn/index_lw_detail.jsp?searchword=pubdate%3D%2720
02+%27&channelid=75008&record=5289&marcid=002206352&panduan=null&chann
el=75008) 2002ꣴ굽Creightonѧ˺ʵҹ
http://orclinux.creighton.edu/students.html#studentsһ 
Yan Lu (ӦΪ½࣬Ϊ˶˺йͬ)
ְܹܿWashington ѧ
http://bulletinoftheschoolofmedicine.wustl.edu/medpa/bulletin.nsf/FA/8
4CCBF9B7053914D8625740000298616?OpenDocument

5: Zhang YY, Lei SF, Mo XY, Wang YB, Li MX, Deng HW.
The -1997 G/T polymorphism in the COLIA1 upstream regulatory 
region is associated
with hip bone mineral density (BMD) in Chinese nuclear families.
Calcif Tissue Int. 2005 Feb;76(2):107-12. Epub 2004 Nov 18.
PMID: 15570401 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

עYuan-Yuan Zhang, 2002ꣲµCreightonѧ˺ʵҹ
Joslin Diabetes Center 
http://www.diabetesgenome.org/member.cgi?id=74

6: Zhao LJ, Li MX, Guo YF, Xu FH, Li JL, Deng HW.
SNPP: automating large-scale SNP genotype data management.
Bioinformatics. 2005 Jan 15;21(2):266-8. Epub 2004 Sep 17.
PMID: 15377503 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

עLan-Juan Zhao, ڴˣ
http://orclinux.creighton.edu/lanjuan.html
Ϊãѧڡ
http://medicine.creighton.edu/medschool/medicine/Zhao%20Lanjuan.html

7: Liu PY, Qin YJ, Zhou Q, Recker RR, Deng HW.
Complex segregation analyses of bone mineral density in Chinese.
Ann Hum Genet. 2004 Mar;68(Pt 2):154-64.
PMID: 15008794 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
8: Liu PY, Qin YJ, Recker RR, Deng HW.
Evidence for a major gene underlying bone size variation in the 
Chinese.
Am J Hum Biol. 2004 Jan-Feb;16(1):68-77.
PMID: 14689517 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
9: Long JR, Zhang YY, Liu PY, Liu YJ, Shen H, Dvornyk V, Zhao LJ, 
Deng HW.
Association of estrogen receptor alpha and vitamin D receptor gene 
polymorphisms
with bone mineral density in Chinese males.
Calcif Tissue Int. 2004 Mar;74(3):270-6. Epub 2003 Nov 6.
PMID: 14595531 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

עJi-Rong Long. 2002꣱µCreightonѧ˺ʵҹΪ
Vanderbiltѧڡ
https://medschool.mc.vanderbilt.edu/facultydata/php_files/show_faculty
.php?%20id3=15658

10: Zhang YY, Liu PY, Deng HW.
The impact of reproductive and menstrual history on bone mineral 
density in
Chinese women.
J Clin Densitom. 2003 Fall;6(3):289-96.
PMID: 14515000 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
11: Long J, Liu P, Zhang Y, Shen H, Liu Y, Dvornyk V, Deng HW.
Interaction effects between estrogen receptor alpha gene, vitamin 
D receptor
gene, age, and sex on bone mineral density in Chinese.
J Hum Genet. 2003;48(10):514-9. Epub 2003 Sep 19.
PMID: 14505233 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
12: Zhang YY, Long JR, Liu PY, Liu YJ, Shen H, Zhao LJ, Deng HW.
Estrogen receptor alpha and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms 
and bone
mineral density: association study of healthy pre- and 
postmenopausal Chinese
women.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003 Sep 5;308(4):777-83.
PMID: 12927786 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
13: Huang QY, Recker RR, Deng HW.
Searching for osteoporosis genes in the post-genome era: progress 
and challenges.
Osteoporos Int. 2003 Sep;14(9):701-15. Epub 2003 Aug 5. Review.
PMID: 12904838 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

עQing-Yang Huang, 2001ꣲµCreightonѧ˺ʵҹ
ݷ¿Ӧ۴ѧ ˣʵҡEmail 
ַΪhuangqy@hkucc.hku.hk ¼¼
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&cmd=DetailsSearch&t
erm=huang+q,+Kung+A&log$=activity

14: Qin YJ, Shen H, Huang QR, Zhao LJ, Zhou Q, Li MX, He JW, Mo XY, 
Lu JH, Recker RR, Deng HW.
Estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphisms and peak bone density 
in Chinese nuclear families.
J Bone Miner Res. 2003 Jun;18(6):1028-35.
PMID: 12817755 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

עYuejuan Qin,Ծ꣬ϺҽԺɿƴ򡣴δڵ˺κʵ
ҹ
http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&rlz=1T4GGLJ_enUS307US307&q=%E7%A7%A6%E8%B7%83%E5%A8%9F&btnG=Search
ΪԾҽ·¼
http://74.125.45.132/search?q=cache:P3XorzTRrdMJ:www.6thhosp.com/inner.asp%3Fid%3D391+%E7%A7%A6%E8%B7%83%E5%A8%9F&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=10&gl=us

(XYS20090103)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys3.dxiong.com)(www.xysforum.org)(xys2.dropin.org)

˺ĵϼ

ߣ̇̇̇̇

ʱ˽ﱻڣû̫Ӳ˵ѧˡ
ҵϼòҹĿ࿴

רһManuscripts submittedΪļ
ֻûһƲ˵һ£˺ô

ЦǻһƪעΪTo be submitted to Nature˾
̾˽ڵ˼ǸĻ׫д֮Уһһʯ𺳵ͻ
Ķ׼ͶΣ壬ңΣûв֮Թԣһ
㷢Σ壬ӣĶ֮ң֮ǿÿ
ѧͨ飬й¶֮ҪͶ¸Σˡ
ëĶû˻Ȥ

˵˹ļʶ˵˹

# Deng, HW., Shen, H., Xu, FH., Huang, QY., Deng, HY., Zhang, HT., Conway, T., Davies, KM., Recker, RR
QTLs revealed for bone size in a whole genome scan
(Submitted to JAMA.).

# Deng, HW., Spitze, K., Pfrender, M., Lynch, M., Li, J., Li, JL.
The effects of deleterious genomic mutations on fitness in natural populations.
(To be submitted to Nature).

# Deng HW
LOD score exclusion analyses of candidate QTLs with random population samples
(To be submitted to Heredity).

# Deng, HW and J Li
Estimation of the rate and effects of deleterious genomic mutations in finite populations with linkage disequilibrium
(Submitted to Genetics)

# Deng, HW, Gao GM, Li JL.
Estimation of deleterious genomic mutation parameters in natural populations by accounting for variable mutation effects across loci
(Submitted to Genetics).

# Deng, HW., Xu, FH., Huang, QY., Shen, H., Deng, HY., Zhang, HT., Liu YZ, Liu YJ, Conway, T., Davies, KM., Recker, RR
A whole genome scan suggests several genomic regions potentially containing QTLs for osteoporosis
(Submitted to JCEM)

# Deng, HW Shen, H., Deng, HY., Zhang, HT., Xu, FH., Conway, T., Davies, KM., Recker, RR
A QTL suggested for height variation on chromosome X
(Submitted to Human Genetics)

# Deng, HW, Xu FH, Davies KM, Heaney RR, Deng HY, Recker RR
Bone mineral density, bone mineral content and bone size in fractured and non-fractured females and their relationship
(Submitted to J Bone and Mineral Metabolism)

# Deng, HW, Xu FH, Shen H, Zhang HT, Deng HY, Conway T, Davies KM,..., Recker RR.
QTLs for statue variation detected through a whole genome autosome scan
(Submitted to AJMG)

# Dyvornyk V., Recker RR, Deng, HW
Gene expression studies of bone disorders: implications for microarray research
(Submitted to Osteoporosis International)

# Lei, SF, Deng, FY, Liu, XH, ..., Recker, RR, Deng, HW
Polymorphisms of four bone mineral density (BMD) candidate genes in Chinese populations and the comparison with the other populations
(Submitted to J Bone and Mineral Metabolism)

# Dyvornyk V., Lei SF, ..., Recker RR, Deng, HW
Differentiation of Caucasians and Asians at BMD candidate genes: implication for ethnic difference of BMD
(Submitted to J Bone and Mineral Metabolism)

(XYS20090103)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys3.dxiong.com)(www.xysforum.org)(xys2.dropin.org)

˵˵˽Ͼоɽ

/ˮ

˿ѹϾоôԺ
ΪоǿƵĵλȴǸʲôģˮƽô(òһƪ
SCIҲûе)ϵȴһڹ϶ŰҪ񡣡ۣ
ҷǳᡣҲ˵˵λڳоϵΪ

ȻᣨWWFǹһʵۺ񣬶ֱȽϷӵļ
˻֯ϵɽԴӽύWWFͳΪڸ㷴
ĸ֡ڼ˻֯ǿľ֧£ɽйѧԺһ
ݵĳˮίԱԭˮԴ־ֳˮίԱᣬټһ
WWFĹԱ壬ͳɹĵһķӻ

20074ڳɳٿĵڶ졶̳˺ܶý߹١
˵طʡ쵼ˮйѧԺԼˮίԱҪ쵼
ϯ˻顣һЩý˵뷢չ桷пԺˮ
ίԱȻϷġԴˣһֱЩɻ󲻽⡣Ϊñ
ժҪУȻȷָ˵Ͽ̡ˮˮ罨蹤̡ǿ
ĸȻݱɡѵǹйزſʼ˸ı˶ڽе
Ͽ̺ˮ̬ȣбԭ

һ֮ʱˮɡ绰
д˵вû˵ЩݡΪ˸ԭίһ
뷢չ桷֮󣬲γѡԭνпԺͳί
ı棬һƭ֡ʵϣݡ뷢չ桷
ɽġҲûˮˮļԱ
زμ˱ıдеWWFķˮݡΪˣд
ɺ󣬾˵ˮίԱһֱܾǩϿɡΪ̳Ļ
޷ģͶԡ뷢չ桷ԵķݽɾġȻ
ٿ̳ʱ߽ýͨ͵͵ذѾɾ
ĵһЩϿˮݼ˽ȥ

Щ͵͵ӽȥݣý屨˼ķ졣
Щܶеý幤߶ΪѾı˶Ͽ̵֧̬ȡ
Ժ󣬲ټдпʼӭϡ쵼ͼϿ
8·»һƪ人ͨУȻȷ˵Ͽ̿
̬ѡ󣬡ձˡϿ֮ǡһģ˵
ʼϿ̬̿ѡˡһȫԵ
ҹϿ̵ĸ߳ҵʱ˿ýϷˡֵİ
ƫԷǵõʱһλŦԼʱļ߲ɷҵʱ򣬶
˵Ǹ»Ӣͨ弸϶йȷʵѾı˶
Ͽ̬ȡҵʱҲȷظλߣйı̬ȣ
ΪһλƼߣҲֻݿѧʵԺй
ʼ֯ýʵֹ˹ҥϿķ糱

һ֮ɽġ뷢չ桷ѾӢİ棬
Ͽٿһιʻϸһ׷ʽǡҲμǴλ顣ϣ
Һ˽һµ꡶뷢չ桷ժҪݲĻ
ˣɽ⡣Ȼıҷǳȡ
Ȼʸڷ˵뷢չ桷ժҪУûСϿ̡
ˮˮ罨蹤̡ǿҵĸȻݱɡݡȫû
뵽һõйѧԺϾоҲϵα
ʿһˣȾѵ£ҵ˴𰸡
ԭѧĸܣǵһЩѧоѾϲоѧר
оôαѧƭˡ

(XYS20090103)

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ǽͪ

ߣ

:

.дĳгҩϵ,ҷǳϲ.ЩǾ
ҩ,û뵽ôัò֪ҩһЩ۵Ľܣ 
ʾҽ۵ĻЦ

οгҩࡪ˸ࡷһָͪ
˻ǰڶгҩбҩΪСͪҪк
˹㣩ʱҩֹݿмʱǳ""
ҩƷгһЩ鷽вҩģΪ׼гˡ㡱Ҳ
룬ǰἰ㣺

һЩɷֵҩ紨ǽ¡ƬƬҺȣ
鷽ȷʵ㣬ȷʵĪϸһ⼸ҩĲ
׼ͻᷢȷʵС㡱紨ǽ͸ƬҺ
׼õݷ{ָʾҺ¡ƬĹΡѪȱתø
ݷǶȣָĽá

бֹ鷽Ҳ㣬õ㾫Ҳ롣

ڶ԰̳Ҳۣ㽭ҩתĸ
http://www.zjfda.gov.cn/ggtg/info1.jsp?newsid=2025 ԭҩ
Ѿˡڸ˷ܼĿ¼ҩƷֵ֪ͨ
ûsfdaҩվϷ˵ֻڲϷ֪ͨһ
ڹҩϿʼȴ֪ͨ

ɸø֪ͨɼǽ53Ʒֲں˷ܼĿ¼
Ʒ֣ӦӸɾȻû˵ǲͪϸ
гҩ϶ڲ㣬׼߹ε˵
гˡ㡱ΪСͪġ

㽭ҩתĸ֪ͨ
http://www.zjfda.gov.cn/ggtg/info1.jsp?newsid=2025

ڸ˷ܼĿ¼ҩƷ֪ͨ
ţ㽭ʡʳƷҩƷල ʱ:2008-04-18

ʳҩ[2008]169


ʡֱϽʳƷҩƷල֣ҩƷල֣

Ϊ֤˷ܼ˳չҾ2008314ӡˡ
˷ܼĿ¼ҩƷ֪ͨʳҩ졲200885 ţ
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ڡ˷ܼĿ¼ʵҩƷдͬ췽Ʒ֣
ӦݸҩƷʵִеĹҩƷ׼жƷִ޺˷
Ŀ¼ʳɷֵҩĵģɲ˷ܼĿ¼ʵҩƷ

ش֪ͨ


ں˷ܼĿ¼ʵҩƷ

ʳƷҩƷල
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ں˷ܼĿ¼ʵҩƷ

ҩƷͨ

ǽ    Сֹ
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ͣע˾˾г˾мҩίҩġ

(XYS20090103)

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ҽҪ

ߣttaobao

űҪʵÿĶ䱸һ
ҽȫҽãϲһ¹д£˵"Ҫַҽ
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ƷӵͬʱҪΪ񿪳ʳ˶"˵Ҫ"
ǧȫҽ"ҽΰ

û""˵"ҽҩм򡢱㡢顢ɫ
ƣҲǽҽҩɱ⿴ѡЧֶ֮һ"ҽΰ
ϴϺ̨ҲϺһҩ꣨ӦһʽĹ棩
ҩһԱ˵ҩҪÿһ˵Ľص㣬ģ
ÿһ˵ҩһ¾ҽı֤ʩεص㣬ÿһ
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вʱȴֿȴΪʱкöνҽרҳ
ۣҾ˵ҽǿǿǾݱ軹ǲִҽѧ΢


˿ϣǣԽԽʶҽľԣкܶĬ
ĬŵŴڿչ

(XYS20090103)

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֤ҲˡǷҲǷ

ߣʯ

ʮǰĳ죬ͻȻҽѧȫݣǰʼȽ
˼ҽͬ±ҽÿ˵ҽѧڿѧ
ѧָѧΨ֤ΨһռȷѧѧΪζѧҽ
֤ڿѧҽ(ִҽѧ)աʹ˼ѧͱ֤
ڵʱҲҪȻ֤ٷΪȷѧʷУ
ʡҲˣǻҲǻˣֻ
֮תҲˣ֮
任棿ڷͥϣԱ֤֤롮˽Ůʿϵ
֤ȷҲȷ֤ǷҲǷ֤Ժ
֤֤ģ֪֤֤ġ

ǰ翴һһǶܱΪܱ䡢ΪܡϵΪ
ϵΪ޸áʹĳԣҲɼԺ͸Ը
ԵıҲȡì˵ȷձ֤ձϵ
(ʵûܿɿ֤ѧѧĶ֤)ʡĳʿ
롰˽ŮʿСϵѧҪ֤ǡϵ𡱡ʲô
ϵôϵģϵϵϵʲôʱ䡢ص
ϵȵȡ֤ڽЩѧ⡱壬һж϶
Ǵ󣬺̸ָо

ݱ֤۹ҲȺҲãĳɼȲҲ
ȲҲãҲ󣬼Ҳͳһ
ѻһڣԡά̫ƽݡ6-9
ЧӦ԰Լĺڵ˵㡣ϣбָ֤Уʵ
Ŀĺսԡһִſѧ·ߣ˷
ţɹգһδ⡣

໹֪֪١ܲɿʱѧ޵֪֪ʶ
һԵġԵĹƣҲ壬죬ѧܾȷɿ
ѧҿˡѧҲµʵϣӵеϲѧ
ǵĽ۵ͬѧֲۣѧҵǻۣǵĽ۱
ԽѧԽѧ۵ĲûʵϵԼȱݣԽ
ѧ۵ĲǲɿġģЪ˹Ҫɲɵ
ԣִѧҵǰҽ̩ƣΣҪ⡣

(XYS20090103)

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˶ǡ

ߣeddie

Ұһ˹˶ġìܡۣڿռһϼ
λõĸٶȣ뿪õƣĸΪһìܣƳ˶
ıʣǺܻƵġ

ȣѧҰֻ˶˶ıʡ
ǡǡ෴ѧͨľȷʾ䱾ʡ٤Կʼѧ
Ҿʶռλñʵ״̬ҪʵٶȣҲ
λöʱһ׵ˣʵ״̬λúٶȶͬʱȷ
ġһһ״̬֮кʲôìܡ

Σ˶ıʲôأţٶλöʱĶ׵Ҳ
ǼٶȣĹϵ״̬λúٶȣı仯Ҫͨ
ʵ֡ûãڲλúٶ֮жġì
ܡҲ޷ı״̬Ҳ˶

ô˶Ƿ״̬ı仯˶أھѧһֱ
Ǻ˰˹̹۾Ȼˣ˶;ֹ
ûκǵӾ첻ǵȼ۲ϵ֮ĴҲ˵
ֱϵġ˶ǲϽġʶ˹ì۶Դν
ͣ

˶ȲΪڲìܵĲҲʲôìܣʲô
Ķȫɵĺboringġ

ʹڶġⲻ׼ԭ֮ǰѧѾ֪þ
λúٶѾû״̬¬ɪ֮󣬴֪ԭɷ
ԭӺ˺͵ɵġԭӺˣǡֹĻǡ˶أ

ǾֹģôԭӺ˵Ȼ˶ӱ
ڲìܡ޹أӶԭӺӻһ˶ģ
ԭģԭӺתȦôӱȻŲ
ʧӶʧȥȶԡڴѧҲ
Ѿ׼غ㶨--ѧĶ֮һ

ѧѧһ˼άʽҲһΪ
ۡúϼ꼸ǧĥѧ֪һ˼ģʽҪ
ԡѦдӷʽԺνġۡȻز
ˡ˶Ǽ򵥵λƣ״̬ı仯
״̬λúٶľ

˹֪Щֻ֪ϵ˶ʹԾ˶
ҲǴģ޿ɺǡۺѾռĽ죬ѡ
Ϊλúٶ֮ìĪġ

(XYS20090103)

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ĲĽ

ߣ

ݶ˹˵˶֮Կܣ˶ͬһ˲ͬһ
ֲͬһطƣ˶ȫܵˡ

Ĳġǹ۲쵽һĳ˲t1һط
P1Ժĳ˲t2һطP2Ǿ˵˲֮
˶ˡˣֻ˶󡣽ǣ
ܴһطһطأ˹ǣΪͬ
һ˲ͬһطֲͬһطϵ⣬˹Ļ
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֮ǰʹæ۶ϵĴ

Ҫĸǡ˶ܹн˴Ŷ֪
״ֹ̬˲ʱٶ̻ġ˲ʱٶȶڹѽģֻ
ǾѧҵŬųһ׵ġѿȻ˵
ӵһ˲ʱٶȣֻǸĲ˿ûнΪʲô
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Ȿǿѧ顣ǻһΪʲôᴦڵ˶
״̬״̬Ϊʲôᷢ仯򲻷仯Ըܹ
ǻѽ͵ƽԶԶԶԶϵǵ

ұԸⴧȶ˹ڱΪʦļλ˼߻
˼У˹Ȼѧߵġ˹дһ
Ȼ֤Ȿ֪ǸʱȻѧ൱
˽ģҲٵķ˶˹⣬ʦѧ
ȻѧҲûһдһȻѧѧ˼飬
ֻüеѧԿѧκ·չĵĽͻ
ѧδչв֪ƵԤ⡣ţڶ˹ʱ޸
ڴڽռһע⵽ģҲʶԼ˶
ĽǻģҲֻһּٽ͡

˹ĴпԭĻôͽЩ
˼ߡǣµ֪ʶ£û˼˹Ҫ
չǵѧ˵ֻһζظ˵Ļȷʵ̫˵
ȥˡ

(XYS20090103)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys3.dxiong.com)(www.xysforum.org)(xys2.dropin.org)

ȱѧ˼ά޷ָȻѧо
Ҷԡ<Ȼ֤>ָܲȻѧоĿ (֮)

ߣ

˶ʵı֤ǵ¹ѧҺڸ(177--1831),
ΪĶ˶ìܲϵı˷ֲϲĹ,ͬһʱ,
һط,ֲһط.ͺ,˹(1820--1895)˰ڸ
ڵĸı:˶ìܣ򵥵Ļеλ֮
ܹʵ֣ҲֻΪͬһ˲һطһطͬһ
طֲͬһطìܵͬʱþ˶.
ΪȻ֤.ǰ,<ѧ϶˹
λƵĽ>(XYS20081224)һָ:ֽͬѧ˶
,ǿѧ˶Ӧǡһʱĵֵy(t).
,һ!ΪҪ⻹. ǵΪ<
һѧҶԽɡ½̵Ŀ>(XYS20081126)һдһ<
,ʹѡҲ̸ѧҶԽɡĿ>(XYS20081206),
һ, ڴҲԸΪƪдһ,˵,
֤ѧҶ˶ͬѧҺѧҶĸ
?.дʱõѧѹ޶ȵ΢ָ֮,
,,.

ѧѧ˶ŵʱ,λʱ仯һ(άĻ
ά,άҲ)r(t),ʾ,r = r(t).κʱ
t λr(t)ʱDelta t((Deltaһȱ״ķ,
ͨΪ΢С)λ,дΪ: r(t + Delta t) = r(t) + Delta 
r(t). Delta t,Ϊdt, (ӽ,ܵ),ʱ 
λr(t)Ҳ΢С: r(t + dt) = r(t) + dr(t)(ȥ߽С). 
dr(t)Ҳ,ȴֲ,ǡһط,ֲһط
˼,ͬһɺڸΪı֤ѧŵķ,ûʵ.
ǵڶԴdr(t)̬.

ѧ,Ĵʦ,ԴһطֲһطǾ仰̬
һ˿,Ǽ΢СλDelta r(t) ˶,ҿ
ʮּ,ΪDelta r(t),ȴֲΪ,
, ˲Ϣš,ڵϢ.ţ(1643--1727)
֮ܿͬ˲ϢšDelta r(t)ֱӴ򽻵,ǿ쵱ʱ
Delta t ʱ,Delta r(t)Delta t֮ıʵļ,λ
ʱtڽı仯,ҲΪ(derivative vector), ǿ׽.
˵ҲΪtĺ,Ϊdr(t)/dt, r(t),˶
ȵĺ,ٶvelocityĵһĸ,Ϊv(t) = r(t),ȻҲ
µ.

ٶ()v = v(t), Ҳжʱĵv(t) = r(t),˶
ٶȵĶ,Ǽٶ,ȫۺ.˶˶״̬ķ
һµľ:ۺϾ˶켣Ķε: 
Sum(F) = m˼ٶ= mr(t). ֪,˶͹ڡ
һr(t)΢ַԭr(t),΢ֿĿ(
),һѶ.ǴӶԡһط,ֲһطĽ
ʾr(t + dt) = r(t) + dr(t) жdr(t) С΢ķ,ѡ
СȴֲΪ㡱ġģɡ״̬dr(t),һ·ն
ȡõʷԳɹ,Ǹлţ(:ŷ,˹),
ı!

ţٺ,ڸѧҵӽҲ˶,ˡһ
ط,ֲһطĸ,ְͺ,˹˱ĿͷѾ
õһα֤Ľ,ڴظһ:˶ìܣ򵥵Ļе
λܹ֮ʵ֣ҲֻΪͬһ˲һطһط
ͬһطֲͬһطìܵͬʱþ
.ʲôҲûн!

Ա֤Խɡ½̵ĴͬѧδȽ.(ο
--XYS20081126)ǵ.

֤˼ά: ɡͬһ˲һطһط,ɡ
ɡܵһìܣɡոմʱٶȺС
ìд֧λ˺ɡһӽļ˶ٶ
ӣҲӣìеĵλҲٶҲ˼С
Ϳìܽӽƽʱ˺ɡٶҲӽ٣ʱ
ʧɵìܱ˷ˣµìֲˣ͵֧ì
ܡ

ȫϺڸͶ˹λ֤λȨĹ۵,ʲô
ⶼû˵,ʲôûн,Ҳûܵκ.

ѧ˼ά: ɡmgͬ½ٶvȵĿmav׹
һά˶.y(t)ʱtλ,ٶv = y(t),my(t) = mg 
C may(t), Լȥm,: 

y(t) = g C ay(t), ʼ: y(0) = 0, y(o) = 0.

˼Ϊɡ½,֮,:y(t)--ɡκʱtλΪ:      

y(t) = (g/a^2)(e^{-at} - 1) + gt/a 
̶,ɡⶼ: 

ֺκtʱ̺ɡڵλ;
tʱ̵½ٶ,;
ɡʱ;
ʱɡͬӴ˲ٶ;

,ʹõĽɡı仯ɡ½̵Ӱ춼ɡ
׼.

ǰĽɡ½ӿɿ:֤Һѧ,
ѧҶ˶ڡͬһʱ.һط,ֲһط.
仰,:ţΪѧ,ѧҶ仰׷,ڽ
˶΢ַ,ѧ,ָ,.ѧ,֤ר,
ţѾ˾䶯ѧͺ(ԺڸʱΪ׼),һʮ
(Զ˹ʱΪ׼),Ȼڡһط,ֲһط϶Ȧ,ֱ
ڵı֤̲.ټıȱ!!

ǲҪ֤ר,ѧרѧ,ѧһ
ǳ,ֻǡӸ¡,Ӧöһ½չ(˵
),ѧǰ,ѧǰǡٸߡ,ô̸ĵָ
.ѧ,ѧǰԵ,Ȼѧѧǰô?

˵֤ʶõ˼ά.ӡ,ڸ,˹û˵.
λܸߴ.ǵ˭?ô?

(XYS20090103)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys3.dxiong.com)(www.xysforum.org)(xys2.dropin.org)

ת

 ֺ  ι  

Դ ѧš˫ܿ1

ʳȫԺҪԣѾǣȫÿһ񾭣й
ˡ

ڽԺԺʿϣԺ¼ұЩѧ˵й
ҪתشĿƼʩʳ⡣79գԺͨת
ƷƼشר95գѧ¶˵Ͷʽߴ
ҡ

ǣתȫĻ⣬ȴʼתо·ϵһ20
Χתȫоͱ粵֣¿Ժţ䶰

֯ڣоߣѧߣЩͬĴڽ
һġתﰲȫоר˵Դת⣩
Ҫȫ񹫾𣿡


ӱ߱ũïʮǰʼԼũת޻51
Եʱ龰¡

ֲתҲΪĥûа취 
90ڣйũ޷óũҩ档ЩСũҩ
Ŀ̫ǿˣɳȻɱҺӾֺװ׵ĸ߶ũҩû
аɱһũж缼Աïû
ǵʱũ޻񣬲ɻС

ϡ·ǰйũԺ̣˽ʶ
ת޻ҵĵһ˹ѡһļϣѽʱ
ܵת޻аᵽïõԺν֣Ҳ
Ϊйһֲת޻ũ

ڣϰʶֲֻת򿹳޲Żճɣǿ
ޣϰǲȥֲġ֮޸Ǵ˺ôһ޻Ŀ
ǿˣ֤ճɣũҩҲԼ٣ͬʱҲ˻
Ⱦïø߱ߡ

ïũ񣬽ܻشתл档

ѧ־9³йһͶʴ35Ԫת
оشרصоڶתҲڿͨת
￹Ժ͸Ӹ߲ԡȻһشרûת
Ĳҵϵһ𣬵˴Ͷ룬ĿȻǷ
һЩоġ

֮

919գšѧ־һҪоķת֮Ӱ
ƺһбйũԺŶӶʱ10תݽ
ԱȷоBtת޲ɵ޻ֺҲ
ʹڽֲֺ[1]

5ڱеתﰲȫ̳λϣ
ϾѧооԱ䱨ָת򿹳޵Ŀ
͡ת򿹳ڵԴ󣬵ϵжԿ
ήд̼õİɷֺຬӣ𿹳޿Խ͡
һδоƺֽתӦҵֲ˷˼⡣


¹̷ۡȾ¼ȫͬʱתʵ
ǵճ֮СתΪ绷ͽҪ⣬Ѹ
ٷŴڵ˼Ӫͬͷ֮˷ﰲȫרң
ƻؽĻɣ＼ĿѧԷ

ڽ20չУض׷Ͷ޴Ͳת
ؼоũҵ＼Ӧùʷ֯ISAAAϯClive 
Jamesָ1996~2007꣬ȫתӵƣ1996
ȫۼֲת6.9ڹ꣬1996 굽2007꣬չй
ҵתֲȫռÿ궼200743%ͼ1

νתָ÷ѧֶν˹ιĻ
Уض״ĿǰתǸ
ת뿹BtһԴ˾ƽѿ߸˾Ļ
׽Btףɱ۳棬Ű޻׺ˮ
桢͵涼һࡣBtļԻ
ضĵøˮأڲ鶯Իȴᷢ
ãԶ;޺2005귢ڡѧ־ϵһ
һBtҪãΪ۳ĳϸдһ
壬Bt׸ţãද򲻴壬Ӧ
˵ѧϵоѾתĽղȳʳƷ[2]

ΪֹйѾ׼ת޻ѡ𽷡ǣţľ
ϣδ׼κת

ת洦ƺ˶ꡣйũԺ＼оǰ
ƴPָתߴͳĿ桢ݼܣ
ũҩɱʹãԻҲһֱĿǰûб߲
תͶҵ߿ܵͬʱҲζܡ
ڶʳпԺũҵоλƼjԶо
еĿתˮڴ溦ȶ6%~9%Ĳ[3]

δҲͨ򹤳̸ֲʳƷƷʣӴ׵άغ
ııɼаẬȣĿǰ
ӴάغĽ⣬оûгΪתֽ

ǣתڸôͬʱ֮ǵձ
עͼۡ

ֱ죬תǷ彡ɡǱڵΣȻ顣
߸ߺΪֹδκζԽΣҲ޷ӿѧ֤תʳƷ
κвָ۲ʱж̣޷Ŵ
ۣתʳƷİȫоתоҲٵöࡣ

ҵԴ

תӪָĿǰΪֹתʹúͷص
úĻĿǻûеõ㷺ӡ

ԷתӪĵ磨TWNĸ߼оԱLi Ching Limָ
ҪΡΡܶԼͳĵȷת
ۣκת֮ǰҪ࿼ᾭء

ȫĻ֮֯һɫƽ֯ƣֲת
Ĳũ񣬶ǿѧҺ﹫˾ȫתũҵľͷɽ˾
Ϊ2001꣬ȫתֲ90%ΪɽĲƷ
еתﶼܵרģζũҪӸר
ãҲӣҪÿӹ˾ӡ

ǣƼjоתӱȳӹö࣬
ȻũΪǴȼɱùɱԴ
ˮΪֲתˮĵؿϣ62%ûʩũҩҽ
90%תˮûʩũҩ

ũũҲͿԵ򹤣ǵ롣Ҳ
ܴӸӱ˵ũƷлһ档

ïõƺӡ֤˻Ƽjоһתֵļ۸ȳ
߳10ʮǱϾӳɱɱ˹ϵǮ
ҪٵöࡣҲѹũǶѡת޻ˡ2007꣬йֲת
Լ350 ꣬ռȫ޻ֲ70%

ɽũվ˫Դ90ĩֲת޻Ҳһ
ȫӵЩ˾ȷʵ󣬵ЧãҲֵ򡣡
վ˫Ũɽ˵˵ɶԼֵġ

ˮҪʳ֮һȫԼ30ҪˮΪʳ
йˮ13˵˿ڲʳ˸ߵҪ

ĿǰתBtĿˮϣҵרҲܻ
תĲҵչ

ѧ뻷ѧԺ˾˵Cry1AbCry1AcȻ
רйרһתˮҵר˾Ϳ
ʹרȨҪֱϡ

ڴǰһνУƴPʾרҪۣΪ
˾Щרûй룬һЩרʱˡңԻת
йѧҺ͹ܲһӵƷҲһ嵽ת
ˮڣũҵѧоģΪרû⡣
ƴP˵

תгͨʵ顢м顢ͷźҵ
4׶ΡĿǰ桢ݼȶתˮѽ飨
ͷţδҵ׶ΣͶѾƽתˮ
ҵо


ũҵóսоǻ

ˮȣת󶹵оͲҵйûճ̵ģ
רָйһԭԹңת󶹵ĽҲ
һϵ⣬Ӿ¢ϼԷչйҷתƷӰũ
ֲȡ

ַ֧תֲĶ⾭ó״ѧѸָҪ¢ϣ
׷ٵת󶹼ػƣַ֧תֲضԴ
ʳȼϵķչ

Ѹ߼ߣй1000ֲ󶹣ǲܵͣټ
ûƶԣйÿ߶ͰĿݼת󶹡
ڴ󶹼۸ת󶹳ƽʸߣĵйӴե
͹ҵڶũܳ2005꣬ѸרҼ
йΣӣ

ѸԴ˸ġҩӷת󶹶Խת󶹵ĶԿ
Ҫƣҵչ¢ϣũֲͶ룬߷ת
󶹵Ĳж߾Լ1Ķؾͷǳʺֲת󶹡
˵

ȻڻƼjѹڴ󶹲ҵܵĳתǴ
ӡڶϾʾڴΪҶо
ȳӣ¹ֲĴ󶹲ͳʶߣ
ũҵеıȽƣ⡣

һǹתڵĳһйܵת
ˮҵƱضԳɸӰ죬Ϊŷ˺ͶǴ󲿷ֹҾת
൱ص̬ȡ

ǻƼjҲָӰ϶Уйˮռİٷ֮
һҲӦޡ

ֱӴתоĻԺʿͨġ2008
7еŷ޿ѧ̳ϣŷڴ벻
Ҫŷ˵ϲֹйת˿ڣ˽ֳ
ı߽ͣйũƷŷ޳ڼ٣תϷǳص
ŷ˻ԶŷʳƷתȾΪɵйƷһŪйز
žˣҲͲ׼תˮĴģҵ˵

Ưƣ

νתȾϵһģǻƯƣҲǱתĻ
ڷ۹ƯƵС

תֲﻷͷ࣬ģ翹ݼȿԻ
ƯӲУʹΪӲݡҩɳͬʱתֲ
µ̬пƻ̬ƽ⣬Ӱԡ

תֲͷź󣬳˻԰б꺦⣬ҲȺ
ԣʱν桱ﰲȫоĿѧ
ģ򻹻Ӱ쵽Ŀ꺦漰Ŀ꺦УʹҲܲԡ

ڽ2£ɣǴѧѧBruce TabashnikͬڡȻ
＼Ϸģָ۲⵽ת򿹳޾пԵ档
ѧҲָһֲ˳ԾΪ濹Եʵʳ
ϵԤʱ[4]

ΣƯƺ濹ϵĿҪԶת
Ľա

йתˮѾʳƷȫоĽ׶Σѧ
ѧѧԺ¬ٽﰲȫ̳λ˵Ŀǰתˮ
ûеõƹ㣬ҪǳڰȫĿǣȡѧķת
ˮаȫ

Ϊ˷ֹĿԣ涨˱ת
ֲ֮һЩתΪֹĿԡйת
޴ģҵûвñߣѧָΪũ
ǵȻؽжֲתʳԼܹΪ
ʲôûй۲⵽Ե濹⡣

Ȼˮ죬ÿˮֲũֲˮʹ
תˮҵܵĿѸٽԵ⡣ũ
ޣҲԡ׳صߣũطɢ
ҪִҲѶȡ

ǳڴתˮҵоĸũҵѧԺоԱָ
ܵũֲˮǳϰֲˮƷԱ
գϰ߻ڽӱáоҲ
еתˮ˵ݾҶֺȺǲδˮȺ
ṹԵӰ죬Ҳûֳɷֵı仯[5]仰˵
תˮûԳúԵļ

Ƽjһֱתҵֲƶ
תоͲҵչߵı棬ЩΪתˮѾ
Ʒĸְȫ۳ʵ黷ڣδִڰȫԷգ
߱ƷӦѸ׼Ʒ


֪תʳƷ

ʲôתʳƷѧҲ޷ȷеĶ壬˵һ
ˡ

תרҡѧѦԪоŶӵĵ3ǰ
Լ70%İղ֪תƷ3һݼûκα仯

ڲɷõ1000λũУԼֻ3%ũ֪ת

ձѧ뻷ѧоԺChia-Hsin Chenʿܣձ
＼ҲǺܸȤչ＼սĿͨѧ
԰ѧܡʽԼڴѧȽֿͨƼ綫ѧ
ĿƼɹչǿڵﰲȫʶһΪɲ軰ᡱʽ
ձ㷺չܵͨڵĻ⡣ͨʽԻ
ﰲȫϢʵ˫ʹ˽⡣

֮£йתȽ󡣿ѧҵйת
ĸֱ治ڹҿѧ֮Ҳ໥ܡϰնתʳ
ƷûʲôҶʳƷȫϾ˼תʳƷ
ʶһҲʶ

ʵϣйתʳƷıʶѾ˷档2001꣬Ժ
ũҵתȫ״ᵽתʶ⡣2002꣬ũҵ
䲼ϸһϸǡũҵתʶ취
ҸתʳƷϼʶ

¬ٽ˵ձĹڽֵýڣͬôѧ͸
ѧʶתҪԣӿйﰲȫĿγ̡
ǣǹĿǰûӦĻĿ֧ⷽо

Ȩ

ﰲȫо귢չܿ졣

һʳΰѩǿתܴĸӰ죬бҪ
ǿﰲȫоﰲȫרҺתķ
ƺǿоɹӷ

ңΰѩ˵ڵһЩҵﰲȫоҲȱһʶֻע
оԽ٣ƽ＼ﰲȫ
Ե÷ǳҪ

ΪһֵܾҪ֧רңѦԪָѧҺйز
ڴһǿѧǵоɹҪƹ㣻Ƕ
תоͶ޴󣬵Ͷȣѹܴ󣬼ڳɹ
ϣҵ

ǣũҵһλԱ߼ߣתﰲȫ滹ǵõ˺ܶ࿼ǣ
ĿǰҶﰲȫҲԭÿ2ߵڵ3Ρ

ѦԪָ޷ӿѧ֤תˮΣô
ӦýԤʩǹͨеԤԭ

ҵ֮ǰΪ˻ȡʵĿѧݣڶԿеͶ
Ҳܴҵʿ͸¶ǰͶʽԼ200ԪתƷƼ
شרУԼ20%תﰲȫۡ¬˵ͨ
ĵоģڽ10~15оԻȡĿѧ
ݡ

пѧݲܽһо¬ǿоͶ룬
ǻѧоֻмǿ͹ʺǿͬĺܳ
չ

ƼjָµתоشרǹڽĿڶ
תȫĹǣתﰲȫĺĲӦԻΪ
󵼹ڡ

οף
[1]Science, 2008, 321, 1676-1678
[2]Science, 2005, 307, 922 - 925
[3]Science, 2005, 308, 688-690
[4]Nature Biotechnology, 2008, 26, 199 - 202
[5]ѧ, 2005, 48, 544-553

˭赲תײҵ

  ֺ

Դ ѧš˫ܿ1

̸Լ£ܸоԶݴѧУ԰еԭϷ
ĩǿ˷ܡҵĹע㲢תĿѧù
ڶһشи˽⡣

ƪ200412¡Ϊת13ɡ£
ҲúܶתоĿѧҸеƪйתˮ
ҵ˺ܶꡣһλѧ˽˵

·ڣֵũҵתȫίԱոսᣨ
ĳһΣݵʱСϢλתˮó
ĽۣܻܿйΪϵһҵֲתˮĹҡ

Ȼǿƪ㷺תصıֱָƶתˮҵĿ
ѧһרӵˣũҵӹ˾ܻ档±
ܶ˽Ϊѧҵ˽ʹתˮҵĽ̡

¶ĿѧǺڸֳϽ˳壬˺תˮ
Ĳҵƺá

ƪ½ǷתеһйũԺ＼о
ǰƴPε˵ÿһת򣩰ίῪʱɫƽ
Щ֯һһЩת򣩡

2005ɫƽֺдеת׵2006
йгϵӤʳƷתɷ֣2007귢תLL601Ƿ
ڵй

ǿ͸¶ת13ɡƪ¾ɫƽ
ҵұϵġ

ҵʱתĿѧͰȫһͷˮ˽󣬾
һֵøشġǿ߱ߡ

ɫƽĵ¹ý崫ר÷̹£ɫ
ƽýʿңҲýԸԼĲý徭
ͨǣý屨֮Ĺڷ죬ǲܿƵˡ

Ի֯ĹƣѧҷƺԵúܱǲ
ԸǽӴƴP˵λȫЭίԱͬʱҲΪ޳ɺͷת
ӪŵһйԻͱ۵졣

ܶѧһƴPĹ֮һת漰ӵĿѧ
ڽ͡ôоת嶼ǰȫģЩ
ʿƫƫҳȫĵطôԻ

÷Ͽ˵˵ɫƽȻ֯רѧϵ
󡣹ؼǿѧϲܱ֤תٷ֮ٵİȫ£Ҫ
ضԴ

ǿҲͬ˵ûħѧңУԿѧҽ˴
ɷãҲǵĹ۵㡣

ڴǰһν̸УпԺһλתˮоĿѧһᵽ
ǲԸý彻ںܶೡϣýǽ˻֯ǰĹ
ɷлѡЩĻ

÷Ҳϣɫƽĳڿѧ˵ѧһ
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